| Although the Eastern Church had been responsible for the conversion of Moravia and Bohemia, by the 10th century both duchies had turned to the Western, Latin liturgy. |
| She was given a marshallship of her duchies army because she made good tactical recommendations and talked to her duke regularly. |
| He held the duchies of Carniola and Friuli, as well as the marquisate of Istria. |
| Prior to this, the peninsula consisted of often mutually antagonistic kingdoms, duchies, city-states, and principalities. |
| In the wake of the Napoleonic wars Italy was divided into a patchwork of kingdoms and duchies. |
| In 1865 a quick and successful war between Prussia and Denmark solved the old conflict over the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein. |
