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What is a calyptra?

What is a calyptra? Here are some definitions.

Noun
  1. (botany) In bryophytes, a thin, hood of tissue that forms from the archegonium and covers the developing sporophyte and is shed as it ripens.
  2. (botany) any cap-like covering of a flower or fruit, such as the operculum over the unopened buds of Eucalyptus flowers
  3. (botany) Any of various coverings at the tips of structures, in the terminology of various authors; for example rootcaps and the apical cells of trichomes.
  4. (entomology) In flies such as the housefly, Musca, in the taxonomic order Diptera, zoological section Schizophora, subsection Calyptrata, the calyptra is a membranous rearward extension of the forewing; it covers the haltere.
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Examples
The sporogonium when nearly mature bursts the calyptra irregularly.
Capsule filling the involucre, circumscissile in the middle, the calyptra persistent at its base.
In most liverworts, the sporangium matures before the seta elongates, pushing the sporangium above the calyptra that protected it.
The calyptra is half-cleft, and the lid conical and shortly beaked.
The capsule is often covered by a calyptra, which is the enlarged remains of the archegonium.
The calyptra is half-cleft, and expanded as if blown out below.

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