| Small vesicular pieces of volcanic material, scoria, collect around the vent to form a cinder cone. |
| Ö Basalt: Dark volcanic rock resulting from lava solidification and scoria cones. |
| Cinder cones, also called scoria cones, are a third type of mountainous volcano. |
| Alluvial, colluvial or chemically formed gravel, clayey gravel, sandstone, limestone, tuff, scoria are examples of marginal materials. |
| Some of these cones are now barely recognisable, having been excavated for the volcanic cinder, scoria, used to build the roads of Auckland. |
| In addition to scoria and ash, other volcanic ejecta include blocks, bombs, and xenoliths. |
