| The nineteenth-century interest in craniometry and the ranking of species and races had assumed that intelligence was both biological and inheritable. |
| The nineteenth-century interest in craniometry had assumed that intelligence was both biological and inheritable. |
| Some of the examples he discusses may remind us of the metaphorical appropriation of biology by racist craniometry in the nineteenth century. |
| In the 18th and 19th centuries European and American intellectuals relied on craniometry to explain and defend racial hierarchy. |
| The SAP physicians were far more rigorously quantitative in their craniometry. |
| This looked very much like some of the phrenology and craniometry that was being done in the 19th Century. |
