“On your way into one of the canyons keep an eye open for the lady ferns and shield ferns in the shaded understory of the forest.”

“Heathy woodland and forest has an understory dominated by small-leaved shrubs.”

“In Washington, they are generally found in mature Ponderosa pine, Douglas fir, or mixed coniferous forests with a thick understory.”

“Many vascular epiphytes share the understorey environment with terrestrial herbs, shrubs and tree seedlings.”

“Hardy brush box, native elm and tuckeroo tower on the ridge tops above the low understorey of palm-like burrawangs.”

“We had not previously examined this area because of the denseness of the understorey.”