“The judge sentenced the young offender to a reformatory for rehabilitation and confinement.”

“Other institutions such as reformatories were built in the 20th century, when it was believed most crime in Ireland was alcohol-related.”

“Given that he has spent much of his life in reformatories and prisons, he is, we're led to believe, somewhat naive about the outside world.”

“The government followed up on these demands in 1900 by mandating the creation of public reformatories in each prefecture.”