| The patient underwent right radical nephrectomy, cardiopulmonary bypass and caval thrombectomy with right hepatic venotomy. |
| A transverse venotomy enables the introduction of a venous Fogarty catheter for extraction of thrombus from the iliac vein. |
| In addition, a pulmonary venotomy was performed to discard the venous effluent. |
| A balloon catheter was advanced in the inferior vena cava through a right femoral venotomy, and a large bore cannula was inserted into the left femoral artery and vein to act as an arteriovenous bypass. |
| Access to the vascular tree for endovascular manipulative treatment can be gained via percutaneous puncture utilizing Seldinger wire-catheter-sheath technology or, less commonly, by open exposure and arteriotomy or venotomy. |
| The catheter in the hepatic artery could be removed and the gastroduodenal artery could be ligated followed by decanulation and closing the venotomy of the portal vein. |
