| Lactating subantarctic fur seals can promote similar growth rate and body mass at weaning to their pups in different ways, i.e., using different provisioning patterns. |
| This indicates that pup mass changes can be used to calculate maternal attendance pattern and subantarctic fur seal pups lose mass continuously when fasting. |
| Irrespective of the pattern of colonization, flightlessness probably evolved separately in the subantarctic teals. |
| With temperatures ranging from subtropical to subantarctic, New Zealand's waters host an impressive range of species, he says. |
| The Auckland Island Teal and Campbell Island Teal occur only on their respective subantarctic island groups. |
| The critical summer feeding habitat of the species is in the subarctic and subantarctic. |
