| Short, stiff, sharply-pointed, dark brown to shiny black, modified sporophyll leaves form the plant base for some species. |
| Each leaf is actually a sporophyll, bearing either a microsporangium or a megasporangium which is embedded in its base on the adaxial side. |
| Growing axes were collected monthly to quantify sporophyll production and the frequencies of different types of lateral blades. |
| Sporangia reniform, borne in the axil of the sporophyll, green turning to yellow when mature, ca. |
| This indicates that some of the species of Selaginella have the potential to produce more than one ligule in a single microphyll or sporophyll. |
| Anti-influenza A virus characteristics of a fucoidan from sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida in mice with normal and compromised immunity. |
