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What is a spandrel?

What is a spandrel? Here are some definitions.

Noun
  1. (architecture) The space (often triangular) between the outer curve of an arch (the extrados) and a straight-sided figure that bounds it; the space between two contiguous arches and a straight feature above them
  2. (architecture) The triangular space under a stair; the material that fills the space
  3. (architecture) A horizontal member between the windows of each storey of a tall building
  4. An oriental rug having a pattern of arches; the design in the corners of such a rug, especially in a prayer rug
  5. (evolutionary theory) A phenotypic characteristic that evolved as a side effect of a true adaptation
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Examples
When arches adjoin, the entire area between their crowns and springing line is a spandrel.
The building is encircled by a horizontal spandrel course above the windows as a means of defining the different floors.
In buildings of more than one story the spandrel is the area between the sill of a window and the head of the window below it.
If it is filled in, as is ordinarily the case, the resulting structure is termed a spandrel wall.
The first and third spandrel arch on each side of the piers was made with an expansion joint in the crown.
The corner of the spandrel is decorated with a six-petal rosette, the edges of which are decorated with foliage ending in a fleuron.

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