| As pointed out by a number of authors, the evolution of bilaterian body plans must postdate the cladogenetic separation of lineages leading to these animal phyla. |
| Phylogenetic systematics plays down the role of ancestors and depicts the accumulation of character changes at the inferred cladogenetic events. |
| Another aspect of the rate of evolution involves the amount of morphological change that occurs at speciation or cladogenetic events. |
| Philippe and Adoutte suggested that a big bang occurred at the base of eukaryotes and that the major cladogenetic events in eukaryotic evolution occurred in quick succession. |
| Although molecular dating of cladogenetic events is possible, no molecular method has been described to date the acquisition of various tissues. |
| As outlined above, a series of novel morphological traits are correlated with the cladogenetic events in Petrocosmea, all are first documented in present study. |
