How to use receptors in a sentence

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Sentence Examples Platelet membranes bear a higher density of receptors per surface area than any other blood cell. The action of a common neurotransmitter, such as acetylcholine, illustrates how ion channel receptors work. Disparate methods for defining force and torque balances and for calculating the mass balance of receptors therefore result. Sometimes both the enantiomers of a racemate are biologically active but act at different receptors and cause different effects. When an agonist drug is administered, the response usually increases in proportion to the dose until the receptors are saturated. The toxin irreversibly binds to presynaptic cholinergic receptors at motor nerve terminals and is subsequently internalized. Integrins are an ancient group of animal adhesion receptors that attach cells to the extracellular matrix. Centrally, there is reduced density and sensitivity of the baroreceptors and a down regulation of sympathetic receptors. These mediators lower the nociceptor threshold, making the receptors more responsive to painful stimuli. Pacinian corpuscles, or pressure receptors, are the largest peripheral mechanoreceptors in mammals. Receptor stimulation produced no change in receptor density, which suggests that the receptors are prearranged into signalling islands. Not only do they feel the wind's freshness, but they actually experience a myriad of sensations through their olfactory receptors. In muscle cells, nicotinic receptors present at the neuromuscular junction mediate rapid excitation that leads to muscle contraction. Nausea can also be of central origin, arising from direct excitation of medullary receptors by systemic toxins. Recent antitumor research has been focused on tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors. Cross reactions occur between retroviral glycoproteins and lymphocyte surface receptors. They injected the animals' forebrains with a harmless virus carrying the gene responsible for expressing the receptors. The best known of these are atrial receptors, which are nerves ending mainly at the junctions of the great veins with the atria. Antipsychotic drugs with higher potency have a greater affinity for dopamine receptors and tend to cause more extrapyramidal symptoms. The NK1, kappa opioid, and CCRS receptors all have an amino acid composition similar to rhodopsin near the conserved Pro. Show More Sentences Tissue polarity is functional as organisms have sensory receptors to detect mechanical and thermal stimuli from the environment. Nicotine and the snake venom also bind these receptors with agonistic and antagonistic effects, respectively. Instead, they transfer compounds from their tongues into two elaborate sensory receptors known as the vomeronasal organs. The new study is the first demonstration that binding a chemical to only CB2 receptors has an analgesic effect, Fink says. An extreme example is the fact that the enzyme can bind to membrane carbohydrates and protein receptors. Hunger could have an effect on the tongue's taste receptors, or on how the brain perceives gustatory information. Interestingly, these receptors have been recently identified in human lung tissues and cultured human lung microvascular endothelial cells. But sharks also detect their prey with sensory receptors that run along their sides. However, they have some ability to sense light through receptors in the epidermis. In the sea, the krill schools use their highly developed sensory receptors to find food. When a pig contracts bird flu, the flu virus can mutate to attach to the human-like pig receptors. Various types of receptors convey specific types of stimuli, including exteroceptors, interoceptors, proprioceptors, or chemoceptors. Many pathogens use sugar groups of surface glycoproteins, in particular sialic acid residues, as receptors for invasion. Our own skin contains a battery of touch receptors that produce nerve signals when pressed. These siderophores bind iron efficiently and are then taken up by the bacteria through specific cell-surface receptors. In the special sense organs, such as the eye and the ear, highly specialized receptors respond to light and sound. The mechanism for this benefit is most likely a blockade of aldosterone receptors. It has been shown that activity in the muscle spindles is influenced, via gamma motoneurons, by joint and ligament receptors. They can also alter circulating estrogen and androgen levels and can affect hormone receptors. The heaviest people in his study had fewer dopamine receptors than the lightest. Show More Sentences Insect compound eyes contain light-sensitive receptors in which phototransduction takes place. Caffeine prevents mental and physical fatigue by blocking receptors that notify the brain of low energy levels. Cells receive their instructions from the body through hormones and neurotransmitters that bind to receptors on their surface. The interaction of hormones and their associated receptors is highly specific. It turns out that the receptors also pick up the victim's pulse, and the constriction is strong enough to prevent its blood flow. Anticholinergics block muscarinic receptors on airway smooth muscle and possibly on submucosal gland cells. Viral infection can cause dysfunction of M2 muscarinic receptors leading to increased release of acetylcholine and airway hyperreactivity. These receptors attract the male hormone, dihydrotestosterone, which flows in the blood stream and as a result starts the hair-loss process. It mimics the effect heroin has on receptors in the brain, reducing the cravings addicts experience when coming off the drug. Like most alkaloids, nicotine exerts its effects at receptors for chemicals that transmit nerve impulses. When added to a lab dish containing cultured mammalian cells, the nanorods bound to receptors inside tiny pits on the cells' surfaces. When postsynaptic receptors are saturated, a quantum of synaptic current corresponds to the response evoked in a single synaptic bouton. Fc receptors mediate various effects on immune cells, including proliferation of B cells and phagocytosis by phagocytes. The news that GABA receptors constitute a family of proteins was music to drug companies' ears. It is a complex reflex response to the stimulation of the cough receptors of the lung. We now know that this reflex response is initiated from the class of sensory receptors called muscle spindle receptors. This class of receptors includes the angiotensin, bradykinin and vasopressin receptors. Fish are vertebrates, with a brain, a central nervous system and pain receptors all over their bodies, including the lips. This is consistent with the uniformly distributed receptors found with immunofluorescence labeling. Neonicotinoids bind irreversibly to receptors in the central nervous system of insects. Show More Sentences These receptors were originally discovered as proteins activated by agents that stimulate proliferation of peroxisomes in rat liver. This family includes receptors for steroid hormones, thyroid hormones, hormonal forms of vitamin A and D, and peroxisomal activators. At higher doses, caffeine blocks a majority of adenosine receptors and can produce anxiety and hypersensitivity to pain. Pattern recognition receptors recognise structures common to many microbial pathogens. When a hair is touched, receptors near the hair fire, triggering a nerve impulse that signals that the hair has been moved. Stimulation of any of these receptors results in the initiation of a nerve impulse that travels to the central nervous system. The triptans are specific and selective serotonin agonists that block serotonin receptors and the resultant neurogenic inflammation. Our study provides the first evidence of a strong increase of neurotrophic factors and receptors in infected human airways. Various glutamate receptors have been shown to redistribute away from the synapse within as little as 5 minutes under certain stimuli. These terminals of the bipolar nerve cells of the vagal nodose ganglia may well be stretch receptors. These relaxations are vagally mediated, but the reflex arc that produces them can be affected by stimulation of other receptors. Whiskers, also known as vibrissae are touch receptors that provide the animal with information about its immediate surroundings. These receptors are involved in the regulation of metabolism, embryogenesis, tissue regeneration, and cell proliferation. Although each has special receptors and unique characteristics to their activity, they all possess growth-promoting and lactogenic activity. Nicotinic receptors are located on sympathetic ganglia and voluntary muscles. It functions as glue between the acrosomal process and the glycoprotein bindin receptors of the vitelline layer of the egg. Because you have bitter taste receptors at the back of your mouth and the top of your throat, you should swallow the beer. To gain entry, a virus binds to receptors on the surface of the host cell, and is taken up into a vesicle, or sphere, inside the cell. At this average receptor density, if all the particles are homogeneous, there are too few receptors on any particle to support any adhesion. The extracellular signaling of hormones, light, and odorants is facilitated by a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors. Show More Sentences The G-protein-coupled receptors sense various agonists such as photons, odorants, neurotransmitters, pheromones, and sugars. In both mammalian and amphibian eggs, integrins have been proposed as putative sperm receptors. These drugs all act in the brain to stimulate receptors that recognize the chemical messenger substance dopamine. Ketamine also indirectly interacts with a number of cellular receptors including the muscarinic, nicotinic, cholinergic, and opioid receptors. In one such pathway, binding of odorous molecules to their receptors activates G olf, a GTP-binding protein. The molecules diffuse through the surface layer of mucus and stimulate the olfactory receptors. Humans have a pathetic sense of smell because over half of the 1000 genes coding for our olfactory receptors don't work. They are concentrated in the carina and primary bronchi, and are also believed to be cough receptors. More recent research demonstrated that none of the five invertebrates tested, nor the one cartilaginous fish had these receptors. As the name might suggest, cells with opiate receptors respond to opium and its derivatives, morphine and heroin. The discovery of these receptors has also led to the finding of endogenous cannabinoids, such as anandamide. Stimulation of these receptors by stretch or chemical agents triggers impulses along nonmyelinated vagal afferents. Cell membranes are studded with an enormous variety of molecules called receptors that receive these signals. Each neuron is studded with a dozen or so identical receptors, all made by the same gene and all bearing the same structure. The resulting overstimulation of cholinergic receptors produces the clinical effects shown in the table. The psychopharmacologists are already into a next generation of hypotheses after the business of regulating serotonin and other receptors. Depending on the specific drug, there may be effects on muscarinic, adrenergic, or histaminic receptors. Antipsychotics with lower potency have a greater affinity for histaminic, alpha-adrenergic and muscarinic receptors. The receptors are also sensitive to the compound THC, the primary psychoactive chemical in marijuana. Certain serotonin receptors may be supersensitive, which may contribute to repetitive behaviors. Show More Sentences If you have supersensitive receptors, you're more susceptible to sensory overload. We see vertical and horizontal lines, they stand out, because receptors in the eyes are set to perceive them. This influence, along with the specialized receptors along the tubule, allows each tubular section a selective resorptive and secretory function. It binds to a number of receptor sites in the body, including serotonin, adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. The receptors have long fused rhabdoms and are surrounded by a tracheal tapetum. Inside the human body, there are mu, Kappa, and delta opiate receptors, to which the enkephalins and endorphins bind as ligands. Either of these receptors has an excitatory or inhibitory effect on the end organ. Cutaneous receptors in human skin are capable of localizing sound sources approaching that of the auditory sense. Previous studies on axon guidance have provided a wealth of information about guidance factors, their receptors, and cytoplasmic effectors. Some receptors for kinesthesia are in the joints, where these cells transduce information about the position of the bones. We follow our fingertips and receptors when we use science to reshape nature and to build our personal Edens. Even using a loofah or natural brush in the shower can stimulate these receptors. The formation of pseudopods and lamellae after ligation of chemoattractant sensitive G-protein coupled receptors is essential for chemotaxis. Proteins have high affinities for their substrates or co-factors or prosthetic groups or receptors or antibodies raised against them. Within the ventral nerve cord, the axon projections of tactile receptors and proprioceptors are strictly separated. Pressure receptors in the bladder respond to the increased urine and contract the detrusor muscle, causing the internal sphincter to relax. There are 10,000 tactile receptors on the skin of one hand awaiting signals. We also knew that blood cells, actually lymphocytes, white cells in the blood, contained those receptors. The cells in the brain and in the gut have receptors that respond to nicotine. The taste buds are small lumps on the surface of the tongue which are packed with chemical receptors. Show More Sentences Alterations in the expression of retinoid receptors are implicated in human malignancies. Activation of dopamine D 2 like receptors is known to inhibit the activity of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area of the brain. The saturation of receptors at a single central synapse by a quantum of neurotransmitter is the subject of much controversy. This literature mainly comprises the variation in genes for blood coagulation factors, inhibitors, fibrinolytic factors and platelet membrane receptors. The first dopamine-receptor drug that we tested was apomorphine, which interacts with all classes of dopamine receptors in a fashion similar to dopamine itself. It is considered a mechanism that can quantitatively regulate substrates such as cyclins, transcription factors, hormone nuclear receptors, and oncoproteins. Because it affects pain receptors, capsaicin is used as an analgesic in topical creams and ointments to treat the pain of arthritis, neuralgia, and diabetic neuropathy. Also shown are the key enzymes, receptors, transfer proteins, and lipoproteins participating in cholesterol synthesis, transport, and degradation. The mechanisms of action of the hallucinogens lysergic acid and psilocybin are complex, with various effects on serotonergic, dopaminergic, and adrenergic receptors. Thus, this project will help us to understand the early and long term effects of altered gravity on the function of its primary receptors, the utricular hair cells. Table 1 demonstrates the ability of these agents to block histaminic, adrenergic, and muscarinic receptors after being corrected for clinical dose. Sensory receptors provide information about the quality of the stimuli that they detect, giving rise to what philosophers call the qualia of conscious perceptual experience. The number of receptors opened following quantal release may vary directly with the total number of receptors at the synapse, but other, more complex, interactions may occur. The central nervous system also contains muscarinic receptors. As a result the drugs often cause side effects by affecting muscarinic receptors elsewhere, resulting in dry mouth or eyes, constipation, and, more rarely, headache or nausea. In addition, vesicular release probability and the extent of spillover finely tune the concentration that distant receptors feel during trains of stimuli. The extrasynaptic receptors that are exposed to a much lower concentration of agonist and are not saturated may substantially enhance the quantal synaptic response. By acting directly on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the mucosa of the respiratory tract, pseudoephedrine produces vasoconstriction leading to nasal decongestion. With fewer receptors, the dopamine system is desensitized, and the now-understimulated addict needs more and more of the drug to feel anything at all. In this case, the quantal amplitude of postsynaptic response strongly depends on the number of accessible postsynaptic receptors in the vicinity of the release sites. Show More Sentences Capsaicin first activates the pain receptors, causing a mild burning sensation, but upon repeated application to the skin it desensitizes the receptors and relieves the pain. What fraction of receptors are saturated following the release of a single quantum, and is a larger synapse, with more receptors less saturated than a smaller one? Folate molecules on the nanoparticle bind to receptors on tumor cell membranes and the cell immediately internalizes it, because it thinks it's getting the vitamin it needs. After analyzing protein sequences from sponges, especially those which comprise receptors, it was established that all Metazoa, including Porifera, are of monophyletic origin. If you have any cells with estrogen receptors and you put more estrogen into the body, you're going to stimulate those cells to proliferate and divide. Other work from the Jeffery lab suggests that the expanding genes are responsible for an increase in jaw size and the number of gustatory receptors. Besides dopamine, serotonin might play a role, too, researchers say, as well as other brain chemicals and receptors. There are benzodiazapine receptors in the brain, but those are the kinds that are sought out for sedation, not sexual excitement. The cells in the germinal zone have receptors for growth hormone, and growth hormone is probably directly responsible for stimulating these stem cells to proliferate. Steroid and thyroid hormones are hydrophobic and diffuse from their binding proteins in the plasma, across the plasma membrane to intracellularly localized receptors. The peptide subfamily of GPCR contains receptors that bind a disparate array of peptides, such as angiotensin, bradykinin, opioid, somatostatin, and chemokines. Neurosteroids can therefore alter neuronal excitability very rapidly by binding to receptors for inhibitory or excitatory neurotransmitters at the cell membrane. The mechanisms of arousal involve both direct and indirect connections of receptors with the central nervous system and parts of the reticular formation. These findings indicate that a decrease in urine volume and urinary sodium excretion in glycyrrhizin-administered rats may be related to mineralocorticoid receptors. These cells, along with similar tissue-based cells, have receptors for IgE and participate in the degranulation of white blood cells that occurs during allergic reactions. Consequently, the pituitary receptors would be preserved, and the pituitary would erroneously sense that the thyroid status in the periphery is normal. The sensory distribution of nerve endings in the tongue tip is especially rich while there are few receptors in the dorsum or blade of the tongue. The surface of each olfactory cell carries receptors of only one type. Other studies have found evidence of leptin receptors, proteins that help a cell detect the hormone, on astrocytes. Cattle have two kinds of color receptors in the cone cells of their retinas. Show More Sentences Adalimumab is an IgG monoclonal antibody specific for TNF-alpha, thereby blocking its interaction with cell surface TNF receptors. Caffeine acts as an antagonist at receptors in the brain for one of the chemical messengers called adenosine. The characterization of hormonal receptors, in particular PR, opened new ways towards antiprogestogens as therapeutic strategies. Binding a repellent at these receptors is believed to cause increased autophosphorylating activity of the CheA kinase. Albumin receptors megalin and cubilin both possess long extracytosolic domain floating in the urinary space. Nonadapting receptors, such as those detecting pain, are also essential for survival. B and T lymphocytes bearing immunoglobulins and T cell receptors, respectively, are found in all jawed fishes. Their blue perception, however, also has UV receptors, allowing them to see ultraviolet lights that some species cannot. Opiate receptors in human brains allow us to perceive pleasurable stimuli such as sweet tastes. A recent groundbreaking study revealed adiponectin receptors as key targets for treating such obesity-related diseases. Studies have shown that chocolate contains the compound anandamide that activates the same brain receptors as marijuana. The mechanism by which acetylcholine receptors on axons lower neurons' firing thresholds remains uncertain, Metherate says. Changeux and Edelstein, who were significant contributors to research on the nicotinic receptors for acetylcholine and allosteric proteins. During pregnancy, nicotine in tobacco smoke stimulates acetylcholine receptors, and causes structural changes in the brain. Cytisine is a plant-based alkaloid that, like varenicline, is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Systemic inflammation leads to resistance to atracurium without increasing membrane expression of acetylcholine receptors. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have many functions, and in the brain are the primary targets of nicotine. Clinical correlations of antibodies that bind, block, or modulate human acetylcholine receptors in myasthenia gravis. These receptors are activated by hormones released in response to stress by the adrenal cortex. The sympathetic nervous system appears to modulate ureteral activity as shown by the presence of adrenergic receptors in the ureter. Show More Sentences Adrenergic receptors play an important role in physiological adaptation of mammalian cells. Other drugs may act on other kinds of receptors involved in weight gain, such as the beta-3 adrenergic receptors in fat tissue. Heart beats in all mammals are stimulated by the binding of catecholamine to beta adrenergic receptors in these cardiac cells. In smell testing, olfactory receptors in the nose identify rancidity in a product. In lab tests, Flamarique and his colleagues confirmed that razorbacks have UV receptors. These findings suggest that antagonizing non-NMDA glutamate receptors attenuates a noise-induced temporary threshold shift. Autoradiographic analysis of alpha-adrenoceptors and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the hyperplastic human prostate. Domain Therapeutics discovers allosteric modulators for GPCRs such as lipidic and peptidic receptors, which are difficult to address. Both NMDA and AMPA receptors are involved in regulating the synapse plasticity via long-term potentiation. At the molecular level, drugs like salvinorin A work by activating specific proteins, known as receptors, in the brain and body. The authors found that the level of nicotine receptors in the brain was lower in schizophrenia patients than in a matched healthy group. The brainstems from nicotine-exposed pups had far more of these GABA receptors than the tissue from saline-exposed rats did. The blood vessels that form to nourish a growing brain tumor apparently secrete the receptors chemokine. Like nicotine, mecamylamine also binds to the receptors, but in a way that blocks nicotine's effects. The mutant strains have a shrinker phenotype which is caused by a mutation in GARA receptors. The membrane receptors are called vesicular monamine transporters, or VMAT for short. But THC prevents that by binding to proteins called CB2 receptors on the cell surface, according to a Swiss study. The new drug circumvents this problem by acting only on cannabinoid receptors located on cells outside the central nervous system. These drugs act through receptors like serotonergic, cholinergic and motilin. It is a macrolide antibiotic that increases gastric motility by acting on motilin receptors in the gut. Show More Sentences Vital erythroid aggregation occurs in spectrin and ankyrin receptors on the surface of red blood cells. These cells express receptors for inflammatory chemokines and chemoattractants that are released during infections. Toll-like receptors are membrane-bound receptors identified as homologs of Toll in Drosophila. These defense cells have features, called toll-like receptors, that identify biochemical patterns characteristic of invading microbes. Using toll-like receptors and other receptors, pDCs may pick up these antigens through pattern recognition. And our skin, which has about 50 touch receptors for every square centimeter and about 5 million sensory cells overall, is hungry for touch. Proteins, called receptors, sit on the surface of neurons and control whether the cells send messages or not. Involvement of prostaglandins, sensory neuropeptides and vanilloid TRPV-1 receptors. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors play major roles in the fast synapse cholinergic transmission in insect central nervous system. Stabilization of the bioactivity of tumor necrosis factor by its soluble receptors. If you can't seem to remember things as well as you used to, the problem may well be with the GluN2B subunits in your NMDA receptors. No addiction to corydalis has been reported, as the mechanism of its analgesic action does not involve the brain's opiate receptors. Differential oligodendroglial expression of the tumor necrosis factor receptors in vivo and in vitro. Efficient oncolysis by a replicating adenovirus in vivo is critically dependent on tumor expression of primary ad receptors. Novel coumarin glycoside and phenethyl vanillate from Notopterygium forbesii and their binding affinities for opioid and dopamine receptors. The involvement of epidermal growth factor receptors in thyroid outpocketing. The researchers are also tweaking their system to tether glutamate to normal receptors without a cysteine mutation, notes Trauner. The specific ligamentous sensory receptors found at the ankle joint are Ruffini endings and Pacinian corpuscles. Effects of total glucosides of paeony on immune regulatory toll-like receptors TLR2 and 4 in the kidney from diabetic rats. If enough receptors are activated, depolarization occurs and is maintained until the depolarizing agent leaves the receptors. Show More Sentences Glu binds to glutamate receptors leading to the activation of multiple signaling pathways. Glutamate and the other excitatory amino acids have at least four different types of receptors. The virus' ability to attach to glycan receptors found on human respiratory-tract cells is key to infecting humans. The GnRHstimulated gonadotropin synthesis and release are regulated by the GnRH receptors. It's rich and full on the mid palate with spicy pepperiness clinging to the taste receptors. It is a member of the phenothiazines, a family of antipsychotic medications used for 50 years, because they can block dopamine receptors. Even with toys and treats, a puppy will seek to investigate his environment, using the high density of nerve receptors along his gumline. The authors show that HIV relies on heparan sulfate to attach to sperm, but not mannose receptors as previously predicted. ErbB-2, the preferred heterodimerization partner of all ErbB receptors, is a mediator of lateral signaling. The released neurotransmitter binds to postsynaptic receptors, leading to a response in the postsynaptic neuron. Pretreating the rats with a dopaminereceptor antagonist, which blocks the receptors, prevented the agonist from working its magic, they report. Adaptation to chronic PCP results in hyperfunctional NMDA and hypofunctional GABAA synaptic receptors. The muscle fibers are innervated via nerve receptors such as muscle spindles, which control proprioceptors. The Proteinase Activated Receptor-2 is one of four similar receptors discovered belonging to the group of proteinase activated receptors. The research suggests that blocking the receptors called heparan sulfate proteoglycans may aid in treatment of theses illnesses. In experimental animals, repeated or prolonged stress could lead to hyposensitivity of D2 presynaptic receptors. Membranes of these target cells possess docking sites, or receptors, for the appropriate interleukins. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by formyl peptide receptors is regulated by the cytoplasmic tail. Muscle spindle, Golgi-tendon organ, and joint capsular and ligament receptors are the proprioceptors. An energy-rich diet causes rumen papillae proliferation associated with more IGF type 1 receptors and increased plasma IGF-1 concentrations in young goats. Show More Sentences In addition to glomerular filtration, BNP is eliminated from plasma mainly through natriuretic peptide receptors and degraded by neutral endopeptidases. Bandyopadhyay S, Roy A and S Das Binding of garlic leaf lectin to the gut receptors of homopteran pests is correlated to its insecticidal activity. Perampanel is the first and only licensed AED to selectively target AMPA receptors postsynaptically, which play an important role in the spread of epileptic seizures. To test their hypothesis, the scientists engineered mice with missing insulin receptors in their pituitary glands and compared them to mice with intact insulin receptors. Researchers might, for instance, find that drugs that block IL-13 receptors are useful in preventing loss of dopaminergic cells during neuroinflammation. Dopaminergic drugs such as levodopa and dopamine agonists act directly at dopaminergic receptors, or improve the efficacy of dopamine by regulating its mechanism. According to its recent mice experiments, an extract of white mulberry has a property to inhibit the binding of TGF-beta 1 receptors so that it can help prevent hair loss. The exact mechanism of action is unknown, but it is thought to work by improving circulation around the hair follicle or binding to the DHT receptors in the hair bulb. Photolysis has provided a way to study kinetics of ligand activated signaling in situ at inaccessible intracellular and extracellular receptors for three decades. Although G protein-coupled receptors have long been a subject of pharmacological interest, understandings of this family of receptors continues to evolve. Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides are actively phagocytosed by cells of the immune system and bind to intracellular receptors present on phagosomes. Fragrant dioxane derivatives identify 1 subunit-containing GABA receptors. Their results suggest that neuropeptide hormones use a novel binding mechanism to activate a class of receptors called G-protein coupled receptors. When these receptors are activated, they open up and depolarize the nerve cell, which transmits an attention-grabbing pain signal through the spinal cord to the brain. When these receptors are activated, they open up and depolarise the nerve cell, which transmits an attention-grabbing pain signal through the spinal cord to the brain. Inhibitory Fc receptors modulate in vivo cytoxicity against tumor targets. They then coated the wires with receptors harboring fragments of DNA that are complementary to the normal sequence of the gene implicated in cystic fibrosis. The urokinase plasminogen activator system consists of serine protease uPA, two endogenous inhibitors of PAI-1 as well as PAI-2 and uPA receptors. Previous studies have demonstrated stimulatory effects on noradrenalin, serotonin, dopamine, and acetylcholine receptors in brain regions involved in mood and affect. CaSRs are also present on the luminal membrane of the distal convoluted tubules, and activation of these receptors increases calcium reabsorption via TRVP5 channels. Show More Sentences The drug competitively binds to two subtypes of orexin neuron receptors, interfering with orexin neurotransmission to facilitate sleep onset and maintenance. Nerve fibres progress from the receptors through tiny holes in the roof of the nasal cavity and come together to form two structures called the olfactory bulbs. In young neuromuscular synapses, nerve endings match up with their receptors on muscle fibers, enabling efficient transmission of brain signals to the muscle. In contrast, neither 8-cyclopenty1-1,3-dipropylxanthine, an antagonist for adenosine Al receptors, nor chymotrypsin, a serine endopeptidase, affected the responses. Connective tissue growth factor induction by lysophosphatidic acid requires transactivation of transforming growth factor type beta receptors and the JNK pathway. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which are linked to a variety of intracellular second messenger systems through G-proteins, belong to the GPCR superfamily. Chemotherapeutic agents cause vomiting via activation of neurotransmitter receptors located in the chemoreceptor trigger zone, gastrointestinal tract, and vomiting center. The central role of thromboxane and platelet activating factor receptors in ex vivo regulation of endotoxin-induced monocyte tissue factor activity in human whole blood. When it enters the brain, it has a strong affinity for the benzodiazepine receptors and causes a desirable calmative effect which you have observed. The first evidence to establish that in vivo involvement of adenosine receptors in the mechanism of action of methotrexate is from the same murine air pouch model. Beta-endorphin, Metenkephalin and corresponding opioid receptors within synovium of patients with joint trauma, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Knowledge on the expression and regulation of VEGF and its receptors in human endometrium during menstrual cycle is still limited and the results are controversial. Stimulation of melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptors by retinoic acid. The newfound ability to mass-produce PAF receptors should help medicinal chemists design drugs that can calm the oversensitive receptors, the researchers assert in the Jan. Compared to other compounds like alcohol and barbiturates working on GABAA receptors, benzodiazepines are generally considered to have a higher margin of safety. To interact with retinoid receptors, retinol must first be metabolized to more active forms, such as retinaldehyde and retinoic acid using several enzymatic steps. The isoflavone genistein, the coumestan coumestrol, and the resorcylic acid lactone zearalenone have greater affinity for both receptors than daidzein and glyceollin. The researchers' investigation led them to the drug ondansetron, after they determined that it would block certain receptors involved in withdrawal symptoms. Targeting adrenomedullin receptors with systemic delivery of neutralizing antibodies inhibits tumor angiogenesis and suppresses growth of human tumor xenografts in mice. Quetiapine is an antagonist of dopamine, serotonin, and adrenergic receptors, and it is a potent antihistamine with only negligible anticholinergic effects. Show More Sentences Because it is an acyclic analog of morphine or heroin, methadone acts on the same opioid receptors as these drugs, and thus has many of the same effects. Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that binds to growth hormone receptors and is primarily secreted by the acidophil cells in the gastric fundic mucosa. Another factor that has been implicated in death is the impairment of the medullary respiratory center by acapnia or hypersensitivity of the carotid sinus pressure receptors. The inhibitory neurons that switch off the inspiratory ramp arise from the pneumotaxic center and pulmonary stretch receptors, which are discussed in the next section. Significant exposure of a child to hormones or other substances that activate estrogen or androgen receptors could produce some or all of the changes of puberty. The receptors flatten when exposed to increased osmotic pressure, such as that experienced when swimming in sea water hyperosmotic to the body fluids. Most fish have sensitive receptors that form the lateral line system, which detects gentle currents and vibrations, and senses the motion of nearby fish and prey. Increased uterine prostaglandin E receptors in menorrhagic women. The cellular site of binding of dexamethasone by specific glucocorticoid receptors in cultured hepatoma cells was investigated with the use of certain mercurials. Their main sites are the pituitary secreting into the periphery and the hypothalamic secretion that in turn hooks up with projections to forebrain and hind-brain receptors. Examples from Classical Literature Immunohistochemical localization of gonadotropin and gonadal steroid receptors in human pineal glands. Vibration excites Pacinian corpuscles, and these receptors convey their information through gracile and cuneate fascicles to higher centers. The team found that African bush elephants carry about 2,000 genes for smell sensors, or olfactory receptors. Each of the two olfactory nerves detects smells by means of hair-like receptors in the lining of the roof of the nasal cavity. Initially, the ligands for these receptors were unknown, but they have since been identified. Glucose sets off bitter receptors in roach taste buds, causing roaches to avoid foods that bring on this taste-bud reaction. It is unclear what role a1A-adrenergic receptors have on neurogenesis, cognition and mood. Yes, the increase in D2 receptors led to a drop in alcohol consumption. The experts tell us there are further safeguards, such as gastric juices and the lack of receptors in the gastrointestinal tract for this particular virus. Alternatively, it might interact with the receptors in a way that affects receptor structure and function, allowing cell proliferation and tumor formation. Find more words! 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What is the opposite of receptors? Words that rhyme with receptors What is the adjective for receptors? What is the noun for receptors? Use our Sentence Generator Nearby Words receptor receptivity receptive to receptiveness receptively receptive recertification recertify recess recessed recesses recessing 9-letter Words Starting With r re rec rece recep recept recepto receptor