How to use macrophages in a sentence

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Sentence Examples Almost all lacunae included macrophages and degenerated cells with shrunken or condensed nuclei. In infected hamster or human macrophages, phagosome-lysosome fusion takes place, but the parasite survives and multiplies within the vaculoe. When the researchers treated macrophages with a drug that weakens the understructure of the membrane, the ripples disappeared. These cytokines recruit and activate neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, and natural killer cells at the site of infection. Some of the mineral dusts can directly translocate into the bronchial mucosa without the help of macrophages. As the bacteria are released from the newly lysed cell, more macrophages begin the process of phagocytosis, and the cycle continues. The adventitia is rich in collagen bundles, and contains some cells that may be fibroblasts or macrophages. This growth factor is abundantly expressed in many different lung cells, including alveolar macrophages and type II cells. Cytokines that are secreted from lymphocytes are termed lymphokines, whereas those secreted by monocytes or macrophages are termed monokines. The venous sinuses are lined not by endothelium but by specialized reticular cells, which are fixed macrophages. Normally, immune complexes are rapidly removed from the bloodstream by macrophages in the spleen, and Kupffer cells in the liver. One of the important functions of macrophages is to scavenge xenobiotic substances. For immunocytochemistry, grids were incubated with the antibodies against macrophages. The injured or ruptured cells attract neutrophil leukocytes and activate alveolar macrophages, causing inflammation in the lung. This was due to increases in both polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages. These inflammatory cells consisted primarily of plasma cells and macrophages consistent with an immunologic response to the allograft tissue. The increased numbers of alveolar macrophages in the smokers resulted only in part from increased proliferation. This finding is also consistent with the known high levels of expression of TLR4 on macrophages, dendritic cells, and B-cells. Its primary function is at sites of inflammation, where it is produced in macrophages, fibroblasts, and synovial cells. A mixture of opsonins adhere to the bacterium and facilitate ingestion by alveolar macrophages. Show More Sentences The Lancet report showed evidence of extensive destruction triggered by blood cells called macrophages. Naive monocytes and macrophages are the primary cell types encountered by the bacterium during the invasion process. Absolute cell counts of macrophages, lymphocytes, and eosinophilic and neutrophilic granulocytes were calculated. Both macrophages and neutrophils are now clearly implicated in the development of smokers' emphysema. The large white blood cells known as macrophages are the body's defence mechanism against invading pathogens. Responding to the invasion, macrophages may huddle with other immune cells to form little nodules called granulomas, or tubercles. In response to infectious pathogens or their by-products, monocytes and macrophages generate and release proinflammatory cytokines. The CaP surface accelerates osteosynthesis on the implant surface and is resorbed within 6 to 10 weeks without involvement of macrophages. Morphologically, DV is characterized by fibrinoid necrosis and foamy macrophages within the vessel walls. Basophils incite immediate hypersensitivity reactions in association with platelets, macrophages, and neutrophils. Early decomposition into microparticles will provoke activity by phagocyting macrophages and polymorphous multinucleated cells. The same rank order of sensitivity is also found with regard to unipotent progenitors of granulocytes and macrophages and with regard to early and late erythroid progenitors. The cell is formed by the fusion of epithelioid cells, which are derived from immune cells called macrophages. As well as the polymorphs and macrophages, there are cells that do not originate in the bone marrow, nor travel in the bloodstream, which can also act as phagocytes. The rheumatoid synovium is characterized by the presence of a number of secreted products of activated lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts. In innate immunity, macrophages are activated through engagement of receptors on the cell surface by substances called agonists. This method can be applied to both macrophages and microphages. In several cases, an occasional area of degenerate Antoni B tissue, often containing foamy macrophages, was seen to have an associated peripheral increase in cellularity. The cells appeared pear-shaped or spindle-shaped and were different from round plasmatocytes, even with cytoplasmic filaments, or from flattened macrophages. Once phagocytosed, macrophages that contain particles are removed by the mucociliary apparatus in the terminal bronchioles. Show More Sentences Following infection, usually through the airborne route, the bacteria grow within the pulmonary alveoli and macrophages. An accumulation of activated macrophages of this sort is termed a granuloma. A characteristic 'rosette' of erythrocytes develops around the infected macrophages. Recently, researchers have found macrophages in the pancreases of people with Type II diabetes. In a study intended to establish whether human monocyte-derived macrophages can internalize NP, Porter et al. Similar to lamivudine, emtricitabine was significantly less toxic than zidovudine to human granulocyte macrophages and erythroid precursor cells. A first race of ten minutes is organized in clean air to measure the speed of macrophages with via a camera under a laser light. Yet, it is known from previous studies that the macrophages are much slower when operating in polluted air. Epidermis infiltrated by activated lymphocytes, mainly CD8 cells, and macrophages. Finally, the human body will expel the broken-down target tissue through macrophages. Under conditions of inflammation as in MS, a further innate population termed macrophages enters the CNS from the blood. These cells mainly include T cells, many of which can attack myelin, and macrophages, which can contribute to tissue inflammation. Reproduction continues until the macrophages burst, releasing hundreds of new Legionella bacteria. The accumulating cells are either macrophages or smooth muscle cells. Intracellular bacteria are subjected to several bacteriocidal mechanisms in the macrophages such as free oxygen radicals and phagosome lysosomal activity. Microglia and other brain macrophages stimulate immune responses within the central nervous system. Many of these are inflammatory cells, such as leukocytes and macrophages. The pathogenesis of mycobacterial infection is associated with an ability to interfere with maturation of the phagosomal compartment after ingestion by macrophages. The effect of thymic peptide on the functions of tissue macrophages, tumor-associated macrophages, and tumor-induced apoptosis of thymocytes was studied. The connective system also performs a barrier action to the spread of bacteria and foreign substances, within cells of the immune system within, namely plasma cells, macrophages and other. Show More Sentences Parasites that infect macrophages or endothelial cells can develop into megaloschizonts, generating more merozoites. These fatty streaks result from the abnormal accumulation of macrophages, a class of white blood cell, that has made their way into the vessel wall and has become engorged in lipid. Al was detected in the alveolar macrophages associated with Si, suggesting the presence of aluminosilicate particles. Some, like neutrophils and macrophages, engulf and chew up microbes. Patients with rosacea keratitis have unusually high levels and abnormal forms of an antimicrobial protein called cathelicidin, which is synthesized by cells of the immune system, such as macrophages and neutrophils. Notably, these cells include macrophages which, during cancer progression, take part in an extensive degradation of the extracellular matrix. In the study, the authors used macrophages, a type of immune cell that helps collect and remove used molecules and cell debris from the body. Previous attempts at the strategy were hampered by the poor ability of macrophages to penetrate deep into tumours. In order to boost the immune system, vitamin D3 and natural or synthetic curcumin were incubated with macrophages exposed to beta-amyloid. Several types of cells are included in the lymphoid system for example, reticular cells and white blood cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes. Then, some time afterward, macrophages revive and additional macrophages are summoned to the lungs by chemoattractants to clean up the debris. A few multinucleated cells were identified that were thought to be either multinucleated macrophages or normal osteoclasts. Under normal circumstances, when foreign bacteria infect the body, white blood cells called macrophages engulf the bacteria, then fuse with lysosomes which digest and destroy the bacteria. A moderate multifocal infiltrate of macrophages and reactive astrocytes was apparent in the neuropil adjacent to the cavitated area. Though they may remain in those macrophages for a long time, Dr West says that this longevity does not seem to cause problems. Nor is photothermal ablation the only way of heat-treating cancer cells. It is well known that M1 macrophages is deleterious, which dominate the first period of spinal cord injury and gradually shift to M2 dominance, which is benificial. Importantly, the restoration of microphage infiltration at an early stage of tumorigenesis by means of co-injection of B16F10 cells and macrophages reversed the increased tumor growth in adiponectin knockout mice. Leishmania major, an intracellular parasitic protozoon that infects, differentiates and replicates within macrophages, expresses two closely related MIF-like proteins. Mineral-binding osteopontin also serves as an opsonin, facilitating clearance by macrophages of mineralized bone debris particles at surgical drill sites. The most important pyrogen is endotoxin, a constituent of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria that can generate endogenous fever mediators by white blood cells, particularly monocytes and macrophages. Show More Sentences Water-insoluble particles in the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli are removed by cellular means, principally by macrophages scavenger cells that engulf cellular debris in the body by a process called phagocytosis. This study was designed to investigate the activation type of splenic macrophages in cirrhotic patients with hypersplenism and HBV infection to assess the immune function of splenic macrophages. For identification of parasite phenotype, capability for invasion of, and multiplication in macrophages was assayed by Lima while Antwerp assays were carried out in the golden hamster. The choice of this model was dictated by our primary goal i.e. analysis of possible intrinsic defects of macrophages which requires macrophagic cells unconditioned by the lung environment. This allows leucocytes and macrophages to phagocytose the area of cell debris and pathogens. In extravascular hemolysis, splenic macrophages phagocytose RBCs, releasing hemoglobin, which is then broken down into heme. Such concentrations may be achieved locally, for instance in phagosomes of infected macrophages. In addition, the chemotactic effect of entecavir on the recruitment of macrophages, which leads to the sustained proliferation of Type II pneumocytes, was not observed in a human monocytic cell line. In the 4-week monkey study the vacuolation of macrophages had completely disappeared in the lung and was reduced to minimal severity in the lymph nodes after a 12-week recovery period. Efffect of size, concentration, surface area, and volume of polymethylmethacrylate paticles on human macrophages in vitro. It is marked by the formation of granulomas, which are small collections of modified macrophages called epithelioid cells and are usually surrounded by lymphocytes. After 24 h, the HISE collections were densely infiltrated by granulocytes and few circumjacent macrophages that became the predominating immunocompetent cell type from day 4 on. Despite having the same origin, circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages encompass a wide range of phenotypically and functionally distinct sub-populations. Directional protrusive pseudopodial activity and motility in macrophages induced by extracellular electric fields. Foamy macrophages and rare psammoma bodies occurred in the core of the papillae. The researchers examined what effects gp120 has on intracellular signals in macrophages and how these changes relate to HIV pathogenesis. Perclot granules are enzymatically degraded by alpha-amylase and glucoamylase and by macrophages. But macrophage signalling also involves SNAP-25, so Dr Chapman thinks he can use botulinum toxin to shut the cells up. The problem is that macrophages have no synaptotagmin on their surfaces. Once in the body, L. pneumophila enters the lungs, where cells of the immune system called macrophages immediately attempt to kill the bacteria by a process called phagocytosis. Instead, he found that the beak's magnetite is mostly in macrophages. Show More Sentences It also brings the bugs in question to the notice of the body's defences, such as white blood cells called macrophages, which then eat them. MEDI4893 also has more than one function. Surplus particles are cleared away by the liver, spleen and lymphatic system, or are mistaken for bacteria and eaten by macrophages, one of the types of white cell in the bloodstream. He found that the magnetite grains were mostly located in macrophages, which are sort of biological garbage collectors that wander around the body, rather than in specialised sense cells. Afonso et al observed that human necrotic, but not apoptotic, neutrophils induced in vitro leishmanicidal activity mediated by macrophages. Uptake of nonopsonized bacteria by macrophages seems to be mediated dominantly by the mannose receptor. Effects of cyclic AMP-elevating hormones and autacoids on LPS-activated rat peritoneal, bronchoalveolar and hepatic macrophages. The stimulated macrophages secrete chemotactic factors such as lymphokines, which then attract T-helper lymphocytes. Benign epithelial cells and macrophages were found on fine-needle aspiration cytology, consistent with a thyroglossal duct cyst. Clinical evidence demonstrates that asbestos fibers less than or equal to 3 millimicrons long are phagocytized by alveolar macrophages. Flt-1 is also present on trophoblasts and macrophages, whereas KDR is present on hemopoietic stem cells, megakaryocytes, and retinal cells. Prussian blue staining of broncho-alveolar lavage centrifugate confirmed the presence of hemosiderin laden macrophages. The BAL specimens usually show an influx of numerous finely vacuolated, foamy macrophages with or without polymorphonuclear leukocytes. When the macrophages are finished cleaning up damaged ligaments, fibroblasts, cells that produce collagen and elasticin, rebuild the ligaments. These lesions were composed of epitheloid macrophages, few granulocytes, and multinucleated Langhans giant cells. Doing so would help pinpoint the role of macrophages in erythroblastic islands in vivo. The downregulation of RAGE because of high AGE concentration may cause decreased RAGE immunoreactivity in macrophages. Numerous foamy macrophages and occasional plasma cells and heterophils were present. The speculation is that these macrophages then move to the lymphatic system, and ultimately enter the intrapleural space. If papillary thyroid carcinoma and Hurthle cell neoplasms are excluded, the finding of macrophages is a very strong indicator of a benign follicular nodule. Mechanistically, PM1183 specifically inhibits active transcription, and regulates different components of the tumor microenvironment, such as tumor-associated macrophages. Show More Sentences According to researchers these immune cells are called macrophages whether they reside in the heart or arrive from the bone marrow, Health news reported. In addition, in this survey, the inhibition of infection in macrophages and cytotoxicity effects of both the extracts on murine macrophage cells were investigated. Lipoprotein lipase is a multifunctional enzyme produced by many tissues, including adipose tissue, cardiac and skeletal muscle, islets, and macrophages. Previous studies, all done in the laboratory, had suggested that macrophages in the bone marrow act as nurse cells for erythroblasts, which are RBC precursors. Examination of the biopsy specimens showed that the bone marrow was normocellular and contained macrophages that phagocytized the lymphoid and erythroid elements. The speculation is alveolar macrophages deposit them there as the macrophages transport asbestos fibers through the lymphatic system after phagocytizing them in the alveoli. In the acute phase of Hoffa's syndrome, inflammation occurs following impingement, fibrin-hemosiderin builds up in macrophages and degenerative lipocytes develop. Numerous lysosomes were seen in the cytoplasm of alveolar macrophages, usually linked with a lipomelanotic pigment appearing brown under the light microscope. The macrophages get clogged with cholesterol and become what scientists call foam cells, which are one of the earliest markers of atherosclerosis. In rare cases when this happens, subsequent posttransplant biopsies show that the iron is readily metabolized into the Kupffer cells and portal macrophages. Liver resident macrophages termed Kupffer cells are ideally located within the blood stream of the liver sinusoids to encounter intestinal antigens. This group, working independently of Gombart's team, had been focusing on macrophages, a type of white blood cell deployed by the immune system to gobble up and destroy germs. Osteoblasts and osteocytes are derived from osteoprogenitor cells, but osteoclasts are derived from the same cells that differentiate to form macrophages and monocytes. Two of the affected seminiferous tubules contain numerous macrophages phagocytosing sperm, whereas only a few remaining spermatogonia can be identified. Muscular structure, enzyme activity, constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthases, nitrites, nitrates, nitrotyrosine, and the presence of macrophages were analyzed. Replication of PiCV could be proved on the basis of histologic findings of multiglobular inclusion bodies, mainly observed in macrophages of the bursa of Fabricius. Bingisser R, Stey C, Weller M, Groscurth P, Russi E, Frei K Apoptosis in human alveolar macrophages is induced by endotoxin and is modulated by cytokines. We will study the role of macrophages and particularly analyse a subtype, which accumulates in the outer mesothelial layer of the heart, the epicardium. Trauma alone, like acupuncture, may induce lipoatrophy, possibly via secretion of cytokines by macrophages that enhance lipocyte catabolism and inhibit lipogenesis. Examples from Classical Literature As to antitoxic immunity, it is very probably due to the intracellular digestion of toxins by the different macrophages. Transcription factor Nrf2 coordinately regulates a group of oxidative stress-inducible genes in macrophages. At various intervals over the 2 days following the ozone exposure, Dohm's team collected macrophages from the amphibians' lungs and tested them for ozone damage. However, only recently, based on studies with T cells and macrophages, the picture is emerging that manipulation of cellular metabolism can be used to shape immune responses. The transbronchial biopsies, however, documented focal alveolar fibrin deposition with acute hemorrhage and hemosiderin-laden macrophages consistent with alveolar hemorrhage. Find more words! 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Words that rhyme with macrophages What is the adjective for macrophages? What is the noun for macrophages? Use our Sentence Generator Nearby Words macrophage macronutrients macronutrient macronucleus macronuclear macrons macrophagic macrophotography macrophyte macrophytes macrophytic macropterous 11-letter Words Starting With m ma mac macr macro macrop macroph macropha macrophag macrophage