| Ophiuroids are a large group of echinoderms that includes the brittle stars and basket stars. |
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| Some DNA-based studies of evolution suggest that hemichordates are actually closer to echinoderms than to true chordates. |
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| These taxa consist of a broad array of organisms, including foraminifers, corals, bryozoans, mollusks, echinoderms, and fish. |
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| Other animals such as echinoderms and interstitial worms can attach and let go on a time scale of seconds. |
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| Found along with the cephalopods are gastropods, pelecypods, echinoderms, and vertebrate bones. |
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| As an initial matter, the echinoderms and chordate phyla have been arranged in almost every possible phylogenetic order. |
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| The water vascular system, found in all echinoderms, accommodates the elongated body of the holothurians. |
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| We chordates are deuterostomes, as are echinoderms, some marine worms called hemichordates, and the urochordates, or sea squirts. |
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| Molecular phylogenies have suggested that hemichordates are in fact a sister lineage to the echinoderms. |
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| However, the placement of the ophiuroid branch with respect to the other echinoderms is still unresolved. |
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| Others have maintained that the earliest brachiate echinoderms had only three arms. |
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| The calcitic ossicles of crinoids, as is typical of echinoderms, form an internal skeleton that provides support and protection. |
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| Marine invertebrates include ammonites, echinoderms, bivalves and crustaceans, but infaunal elements are rare. |
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| The beach sands are dominated by shells of bivalve mollusks, mainly venerids, gastropods, and echinoderms. |
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| Most radially symmetric animals are sessile, however, echinoderms are able to move. |
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| Most biologists are familiar with only a few of the approximately 40 extant animal phyla such as annelids, arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms and chordates. |
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| The fossil content consists of ammonites, belemnites, brachiopods, echinoderms, bivalves, crinoids, gastropods, ostracodes and benthic foraminifers. |
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| Into the early 1990s most researchers and evidence suggested that the deuterostomes were composed of chordates, hemichordates, echinoderms, chaetognaths, and lophophorates. |
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| Echinoids are one of the more diverse and successful echinoderm groups today, including familiar echinoderms such as the sea urchins and sand dollars. |
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| Like all echinoderms, echinoids are pentaradially symmetrical, have a water-vascular system, and have an internal skeleton made of calcitic ossicles. |
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| Unfortunately, a change in the genetic code of the mitochondrial genome in both enteropneusts and echinoderms strongly rejects chordate affinities of the hemichordates. |
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| The molecular phylogeny does agree in one respect with the morphological one in that there are close similarities between the larvae of hemichordates and some echinoderms. |
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| Over 200 species of micro-organisms, fish, crustaceans, polychaetes, echinoderms, coelenterates, and molluscs have been identified in the vent areas. |
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| Gogia is an eocrinoid, a member of a grouping of early echinoderms that probably included the ancestors of true crinoids and other echinoderm taxa. |
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| The echinoderms appear to be particularly abundant in an interval up to 0.5 m below a 25-30 cm ledge-forming crinoidal grainstone with small micritic bioherms. |
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| Basically what is available in the fossil record are only hard parts-bones and teeth for vertebrates, and shells for mollusks, arthropods and echinoderms. |
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| The intermediate-level benthos was dominated by sponges, corals, giant bivalves, giant brachiopods, stalked echinoderms and fixed dendroid graptolites. |
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| Upper Ordovician hardground faunas were dominated by bryozoans and echinoderms, but cornulitid tubeworms and sphenothallids were also common. |
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| The pericentriolar radial complex characteristic of the spermatozoa of other echinoderms is lacking in the spermatozoa of all sea urchins. |
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| The relationships among ophiuroids and all other echinoderms provide an enduring problem in invertebrate evolution. |
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| Fossil groups found here include crustaceans, insects, molluscs, echinoderms, fish, amphibians, reptiles and a few mammals. |
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| A few ophiuroid species can even tolerate brackish water, an ability otherwise almost unknown among echinoderms. |
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| Brittle stars or ophiuroids are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea closely related to starfish. |
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| It is replete with the mollusks, the vertebrates, the echinoderms, the brachiopods and some groups of arthropods. |
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| Permian marine deposits are rich in fossil mollusks, echinoderms, and brachiopods. |
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| Parasites, microflora, echinoderms, crinoids, and reefs are among the ecological features described. |
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| Besides the prey groups mentioned for kelp bass, the diet of barred sand bass were sipunculids, cumaceans, and echinoderms. |
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| There are species fisheries worldwide for finfish, mollusks, crustaceans and echinoderms, and by extension, aquatic plants such as kelp. |
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| In other echinoderms, the endoskeleton is associated with a layer of muscle that allows the animal to move its arms or other body parts. |
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| I guess that's to be expected when you order raw sea urchin from a restaurant that has several aquariums full of the spiny echinoderms. |
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| Like all echinoderms, the Ophiuroidea possess a skeleton of calcium carbonate in the form of calcite. |
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| The ophiuroid coelom is strongly reduced, particularly in comparison to other echinoderms. |
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| Invertebrate paleontology deals with fossils of invertebrates such as molluscs, arthropods, annelid worms and echinoderms. |
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| Developmental and other studies based on modern organisms imply that asteroids and ophiuroids are not closely related within the echinoderms. |
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| Limestones with foraminifers, bryozoans, red algae, gastropods, bivalves, and echinoderms. |
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| Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms. |
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| Amongst the echinoderms, the crinoids were the most numerous. |
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| Important animals that live in European seas are zooplankton, molluscs, echinoderms, different crustaceans, squids and octopuses, fish, dolphins, and whales. |
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| Marine life is especially rich in crinoids and other echinoderms. |
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| In the stomachs of both species, crustaceans and teleosts were the dominant prey items, and molluscs, polychaetes, echinoderms, and sipunculids were found in lower abundance. |
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| Dolmer observed reduced numbers of poriferans, echinoderms, anthozoans, molluscs, crustaceans, and ascidians in dredged areas four months after dredging for mussels. |
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| Brachiopods bryozoans and echinoderms were also heavily affected, and the endocerid cephalopods died out completely, except for possible rare Silurian forms. |
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| The most abundant bioclasts in Tyndall Stone are sections of echinoderms. |
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