| Among the most important minerals for supplementation are chromium, magnesium, and vanadium. |
| For high strength grades, aluminum, vanadium, or columbium may be used for grain refinement. |
| In addition, manganese can enhance the precipitation strengthening of vanadium steels and to a lesser extent, niobium steels. |
| There are large unexploited nickel deposits, and uranium, vanadium, and gold. |
| Incineration of waste fuel oils without abatement leads to a massive increase in the emissions of heavy metals, especially nickel and vanadium. |
| The high vanadium steel is somewhat brittle, but is excellent for cutting very abrasive materials. |
