| Primary dysmenorrhea, which is defined as painful menses in women with normal pelvic anatomy, usually begins during adolescence. |
| Secondary dysmenorrhea involves an underlying physical cause, such as endometriosis or uterine fibroids. |
| These included abortion, asthma, dropsy, sterility, cancer, dysmenorrhea, melancholy, empyema, worms, and jaundice to name only a few. |
| For secondary dysmenorrhea, managing your cramps involves treating the underlying cause. |
| Clinical clues to possible hyperandrogenism in women include dysmenorrhea, virilization, and severe acne. |
| Reports in early 1985 indicated that menstrual cycle disruption, leukorrhea, and dysmenorrhea had occurred in gas-exposed women. |
