| After completing the conquest of Gaul, Rome converted most of these tribes into civitates, making for the administrative map of the Roman provinces of Gaul. |
| The civitates were regional market towns complete with a basilica and forum complex providing an administrative and economic focus. |
| Certain civitates groups survived as distinct tribal groupings even beyond the fall of the Roman Empire, particularly in Britain and northern Spain. |
| In 410, the Roman civitates of Britannia rebelled against Constantine and evicted his officials. |
| Both Caerwent and Carmarthen, also in southern Wales, became Roman civitates. |
| Defensive measures were limited at the civitates, rarely more than palisaded earthworks in times of trouble, if even that. |
