| Gifts of a pair of scissors or a looking glass were made to the caciques or village headmen from time to time to keep them friendly. |
| Others, such as caciques, used the mission system itself to improve their material interests and cultural autonomy. |
| The Guarani caciques exchanged women to formalize their alliance with the Spanish against the hostile peoples of the Chaco. |
| Moreover, new caciques emerged in the wake of agrarian reform, as officials of the agrarian bank and ejidal bosses entrenched themselves locally. |
| A share tenant system has made most farmers captives of landlords, or caciques. |
| By February the Indian caciques saw the Spaniards were at their mercy and refused to provide any more provisions. |
