“This malady is a cervical vertebral instability characterized by malformation of the lower spine.”

“A precautionary magnetic resonance scan showed a meningocele, Arnold-Chiari malformation, gross hydrocephalus, and a normal fourth ventricle.”

“True polydactyly more commonly occurs on the feet and may be present with malformation syndromes.”

“Gastrointestinal bleeding from arterial venous malformations traditionally is treated with combined estrogen and progesterone therapy.”

“We read with great interest the article by Kjeldsen et al in CHEST 1 regarding screening for pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.”

“Other common malformations include congenital heart, kidney, or Gl abnormalities.”