“Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography can also be performed to demonstrate the patency of the common bile duct.”
“Intravenous cholangiography is rarely used now as opacification of the bile ducts is poor, particularly in jaundiced patients, and anaphylaxis remains a problem.”
“When necessary, colorful schematic illustrations and radiologic studies, including cholangiography, sonography, and computed tomography, have been added.”