| Far to the west, near Lake Chad, arose in 1520 the sultanate of Baghirmi, which reached its highest power in the seventh century. |
| It engaged in fierce competition for control of its periphery with the nearby sultanate of Tidore. |
| Then followed the long rule of the Sultanate, the Mughals and then their decline. |
| This volume must be regarded as the standard work on the sultanate of Zanzibar. |
| Oman is a sultanate with a sultan as the head of state and head of government. |
| No sultanate so small, no little caliphate lost in the hills, no territory of mountains or of plains that is without its rebels. |
