| Commonly the spore-cases occupy only detached spots or lines, each of which is called a sorus, or in English merely a Fruit-dot. |
| Leaf morphology, as well as sorus and indusium shapes, is extremely variable. |
| In this case the sorus is always near to the margin of the leaf, and the indusium or covering is cup-shaped. |
| It is also useful in abdominal disorders, ben-ben and sorus, head ache, joint pains, leucoderma, liver disorders,paralysis, ulcers etc. |
| The sorus is circular and is covered with an indusium which is notched or kidney-shaped. |
| Indusium star-shaped, of a few irregular segments fixed beneath the sorus, often obscure. |
