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What does saponify mean?

Looking for the meaning or definition of the word saponify? Here's what it means.

Verb
  1. To convert a fat or oil into soap; to be converted into soap.
  2. (chemistry) To hydrolyze an ester using an alkali.
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Examples
This oil closely resembles cocoa-nut and palm-nut oils and is stated to saponify readily and yield a soap free from odour.
The purpose of an alkali is to saponify the oils and dislodge ordinary soil and other matter.
First saponify 100 parts house grease and 100 parts ordinary grease and make a run soap.
But to simplify the operation, he preferred to saponify the fat by means of lime.
They are then placed in fairly strong limes for two or three days to swell the fibres and saponify the grease.
They also saponify and emulsify the grease, and it is obvious, therefore, that liming can be carried too far.

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