| The blatant lack of cooperation only complicated the inexperienced Cabinet's ability to devise a common thread of economic policymaking. |
| He has received heavy support from powerful generals, who may want to reassert their traditional authority in policymaking. |
| Notwithstanding the national locus of policymaking authority, efforts to shape the agenda for higher education reach beyond national borders. |
| First, the overall mode of state functioning, policymaking, and governance is top-down, nontransparent, and rigidly hierarchical. |
| The president's national security adviser, a position unforeseen in 1947, has become central to national policymaking. |
| The rigidity of his administration and congressional supporters meant that effective policymaking was impossible. |
