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What does nitration mean?

Looking for the meaning or definition of the word nitration? Here's what it means.

Noun
  1. (chemistry) The reaction of something with nitric acid; especially such a reaction, in the presence of sulphuric acid, to introduce a nitro functional group into a compound.
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Examples
This compound is hydrolyzed to nitrate and carbonate and the net effect of this reaction is prevention of nitration and oxidative damage.
The added ethyl group makes ethylbenzene about 25 times more reactive to nitration than benzene.
This substance readily yields ortho-oxybenzoic acid or salicylic acid, which on nitration yields two mononitro-oxybenzoic acids.
The beneficial actions of hypercapnic acidosis were not mediated by inhibition of nitration of amino acid residues within proteins.
After nitration the yellow tetryl separates out, and is filtered off and water-washed till free from acid.
The chief stipulation for dynamite glycerine is its behaviour in the nitration test.

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