| The corrosion at the metallization edge exhibited a notch shape with high stress concentration factor. |
| The concentration gradient is determined by the current density, the active anodic area size and the solvated metallization ions' diffusion velocity. |
| The commercially available thick copper metallization system on A1N offers environmental advantages over beryllium oxide substrates. |
| To employ it, a laser speckle sensor was combined with a furnace to measure thermal strains and thermal expansion coefficients of thin metallization layers. |
| The metallization allows the fiber to be soldered to the ferrule, which in turn can be brazed to the side of the package for a hermetic seal. |
| In this manner, the positive charge that is built-up on the at least part of the second metallization layer is neutralized to prevent tungsten plug erosion. |
