| Although English is generally touted as the lingua franca in Fiji, all sociolinguistic research to date has shown this to be an exaggeration. |
| The national language of Zambia is English, which also serves as the lingua franca. |
| French is also the lingua franca used to communicate with immigrants, most of whom already know another Romance language. |
| Swahili originated on the coast and became the lingua franca for much of East Africa. |
| And it's the lingua franca, not the minority language, however socially powerful, which eventually wins out in these circumstances. |
| Why is it that a Bantu variety as inflection-wary as English is the brand of Lingala spoken non-natively as a lingua franca? |
