| The differences between replicates possibly result from a founder effect. |
| Therefore, a wider study assembling 20 N88K mutation-carrying patients from England, Germany and France has just been carried out. It establishes the existence of an ancestral founder effect of this mutation. |
| A putative founder effect for Parkinson's disease in South African Afrikaners. |
| This is best explained by a male founder effect during the colonization of northeast India that is estimated to have occurred within the past 4,000 years. |
| Likewise, founder effect has been discounted as the primary mode of speciation among Darwin's finches since the discovery of extensive MHC variability in these species. |
| A related phenomenon to the founder effect is what is sometimes called the bottleneck effect. |
