| Some bacterial viruses, called temperate phages, carry DNA that can act as an episome. |
| In this circumstance the virus is established as an episome in the human cell's nucleus. |
| Whenever an infected cell divides, the episome makes a copy of itself, and each daughter cell receives one. |
| Interestingly, overexpression of the functional wild-type HA-Mcm7p from an episome or an integrated allele was toxic for normal cell growth and viability. |
| The EBV genome is maintained in B cells, either as a multicopy circular episome in the host cell or by integrating the viral DNA into the host genome. |
| During latent infection, the viral genome persists as an episome, and viral gene expression is highly restricted. |
