| The individual was subadult, as the proximal epiphysis was unfused and is missing. |
| Localize the trochanteric epiphysis and mark it with a needle or Kirschner wire. |
| The tumor is eccentric, usually metaphyseal, but it may extend into the epiphysis or along the medullary cavity into the diaphysis. |
| If a conservative additional 10 mm is allowed for the missing epiphysis, a 470 mm length gives a weight of 507 kg. |
| The forces of the two opposing groups of muscles result in twisting of the epiphysis and the diaphysis in opposite directions. |
| They surmised that the bone formation was caused by repetitive mechanical stress to the proximal humeral epiphysis during growth. |
