| In this way they reached the counterscarp of the ditch, despite of missiles from the towers. |
| Built in the west counterscarp of the Citadel outside the walls, Building 25 was intended to command the lower ditch. |
| The entry postern, which ran the width of the counterscarp, opened up into the dry ditch. |
| A fraise is a palisade horizontal, or nearly so, projecting from the scarp or counterscarp. |
| Additional mines were used to destroy the palisades of the covered passage and the supporting walls of the counterscarp or scarp, thus facilitating entry into the fortress. |
| The trench, which is edged by a counterscarp and a semi-detached scarp, is separated by two caponiers, a basic one and one with a gorge. |
