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What is a beta particle?

What is a beta particle? Here are some definitions.

Noun
  1. (physics) An energetic electron or positron produced as the result of a nuclear reaction or nuclear decay.
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The weak nuclear force is involved, and the neutron is converted into a proton when the beta particle is emitted.
Next smaller in mass is the beta particle, which is identical in mass and charge to an electron.
Beta emissions involve the loss of an electron from the nucleus as a beta particle during the conversion of a neutron into a proton.
When a nucleus ejects a beta particle, one of the neutrons in the nucleus is transformed into a proton.
Adding a neutron, which has one unit of mass, to 238 U gives 239 U, which decays rapidly to a new element by emitting a beta particle.
Its existence was suggested to explain missing energy and angular momentum when a beta particle was emitted from a radioactive element.

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