| Guidance and encouragement for my research involving acanthocephalans has been provided by Steven A. Nadler. |
| Parasites of Atlantic cod include copepods, digeneans, monogeneans, acanthocephalans, cestodes, nematodes, myxozoans, and protozoans. |
| Challenges-Rotifers appear to be very different from acanthocephalans. |
| That discussion of fish intestines is justified because many acanthocephalans have been described from fish. |
| However, among helminth parasites, e.g., trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, and acanthocephalans, this is not the case. |
| The inferred phylogenetic relationships between acanthocephalans and rotifers differ appreciably. |
