| The genus is confined to the Palaearctic and the Nearctic regions. |
| The Japanese islands exhibit a decided palaearctic fish fauna with a slight influx of tropical forms in the south. |
| English avifauna bears resemblances to that of continental Europe, consisting largely of Palaearctic species. |
| The larvae are believed to be saprophagous and three Palaearctic species are associated with the mycelium of wood-growing fungi. |
| Soldan for his substantial contribution to the understanding of the Ephemeroptera of Palaearctic and Oriental realms. |
| The mammal fauna of the Indian region of Asia is much more highly developed than that of the palaearctic. |
