| The Fenian Brotherhood was an American organization of mainly Irish and Irish Americans. |
| The Fenian raids and the cancellation of the Reciprocity Treaty only added to that threat. |
| However, the Fenian movement and particularly their successors the Irish Republican Brothers were of more consequence. |
| This was an panic reaction to the threat of raids by Fenian insurgents, themselves armed with Spencers. |
| Because the Fenian movement was a transatlantic one, it needs to be studied in a transatlantic context. |
| He was shot and killed in 1868, by an assassin who many believe was a Fenian. |
