| Further south, in Shantou, Hakka and Chaozhou, erxian and zheng ensembles are popular. |
|
| In Chinese traditional medicine both hot and cold zheng can be symptoms of gastritis, an inflammation of the stomach lining frequently caused by bacterial infection. |
|
| Zheng speculated that zokors derived from middle Miocene Plesiodipus, which some researchers place close to the ancestry of arvicolines. |
|
| This tribute to Zheng He, master mariner of the Ming dynasty, is merely one frisson in the flurry of activities organised for the sexcentenary. |
|
| Jiang said the beatings represented a sharp escalation of a recent campaign by the Shanghai authorities to silence Mr. Zheng. |
|
| One supporter was Zheng Cheng-gong, also known as Koxinga, a half-Japanese supporter of the Mings, who led an army of 100,000 troops and 3,000 junks. |
|
| Professional historians contend that Zheng He reached the eastern coast of Africa, and dismiss Menzies's hypothesis as entirely without proof. |
|
| One favorite was Zheng He, who employed his authority to launch major voyages of exploration into the South Pacific and Indian Oceans. |
|
| One, Zheng He, led seven enormous voyages of exploration into the Indian Ocean as far as Arabia and the eastern coasts of Africa. |
|
| Admiral Zheng He was commissioned to command the treasure fleet for the expeditions. |
|
| He permitted Zheng He to lead the seventh and last of his maritime expeditions. |
|
| He was also the author of the Nong Zheng Quan Shu, a treatise on agriculture. |
|
| Zheng He lived through the reigns of five Ming emperors, but he directly served three emperors in his life. |
|
| In Luo's work, Admiral Zheng He sailed the oceans in search for a sacred imperial seal to restore harmony in the Middle Kingdom. |
|
| At the time, the Portuguese had not yet discovered that these stories were actually about Zheng He's fleets. |
|
| The Mingshi account about Lasa states that ambassadors from Lasa, Aden, and Brava traveled with Zheng He to China. |
|
| When Zheng He returned from Palembang, he found that the Yongle Emperor had died during his absence. |
|
| On 15 May 1426, the Xuande Emperor ordered the Directorate of Ceremonial to send a letter to Zheng He to reprimand him for a transgression. |
|
| A tomb was built for Zheng He at the southern slope of Cattle Head Hill, Nanjing. |
|
| Zheng He was placed as the admiral in control of the huge fleet and armed forces that undertook these expeditions. |
|
|
|
| Zheng He's first voyage departed 11 July 1405, from Suzhou ships holding almost 28,000 crewmen. |
|
| Although unmentioned in the official dynastic histories, Zheng He probably died during the treasure fleet's last voyage. |
|
| According to medieval Chinese sources, Zheng He commanded seven expeditions. |
|
| Zheng He, a court eunuch, would not have had the privilege in rank to command the largest of these ships, seaworthy or not. |
|
| Among the Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia, Zheng He became a figure of folk veneration. |
|
| Following Zheng He's arrival, the sultan and sultana of Malacca visited China at the head of over 540 of their subjects, bearing ample tribute. |
|
| Indonesian Chinese have established temples to Zheng He in Jakarta, Cirebon, Surabaya, and Semarang. |
|
| The Sam Poo Kong temple in Semarang was built to commemorate Zheng He's voyage to Java. |
|
| The tomb of Zheng He's assistant Hong Bao was recently unearthed in Nanjing, as well. |
|
| Initially Kunming Changshui International Airport was to be named Zheng He International Airport. |
|
| As the Qing expanded south following their victory at Shanhai Pass, the Southern Ming were supported by the Zheng clan. |
|
| After Zheng He's voyages in the 15th century, the foreign policy of the Ming dynasty in China became increasingly isolationist. |
|
| In addition, during Zheng He's expeditions, his fleet often returned with foreign envoys bearing tribute. |
|
| The largest junks ever built were possibly those of Admiral Zheng He, for his expeditions in the Indian Ocean. |
|
| It was then taken to China by explorer Zheng He and placed in a Ming dynasty zoo. |
|
| Chinese admiral Zheng He and his naval expeditionary force landed at Galle, Sri Lanka in 1409 and got into battle with the local king. |
|
| Because of its strategic location, Malacca was an important stopping point for Zheng He's fleet. |
|
| It is believed that the Chinese fleet under Admiral Zheng He travelled up the Chao Phraya river to Ayutthaya on 3 occasions. |
|
| The final expansion in this period began during the reign of Ying Zheng, the king of Qin. |
|
| Serving as a minor official in the state of Zheng, he is reported to have drawn up a code of penal laws. |
|
|
|
| Illegal immigrants Chaun Yap and Fang Zheng were caught after a massive delivery of compost raised suspicions. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor appointed Admiral Zheng He to command the treasure fleet. |
|
| He placed great trust in Zheng He, even giving him blank scrolls with the imperial seal so the admiral could issue imperial orders at sea. |
|
| While returning homewards, Admiral Zheng He and his associates confronted the pirate fleet of Chen Zuyi at Palembang. |
|
| On 30 October 1407, a grand director was dispatched with a squadron to Champa before Zheng He followed with the main body of the fleet. |
|
| So either Zheng He was absent when the court issued the imperial order or he had not accompanied the fleet during the second voyage. |
|
| Admiral Zheng He and a few of his troops traveled overland into Kotte, because Alakeshvara had lured them into his territory. |
|
| Alakeshvara cut off Admiral Zheng He and his 2000 accompanying troops from the treasure fleet, anchored at Colombo. |
|
| In response, Admiral Zheng He and his troops invaded Kotte, conquering its capital. |
|
| On 12 August 1415, Admiral Zheng He's fleet returned to Nanjing from his voyage. |
|
| Admiral Zheng He and other unnamed people had received orders to escort the ambassadors back home. |
|
| Admiral Zheng He first made port at Quanzhou to load up the fleet's cargoholds with porcelain and other goods. |
|
| Archaeological finds of contemporary Chinese porcelain have been excavated at the East African places visited by Zheng He's fleet. |
|
| Duyvendak suggested that Zheng He made a show of military force at Mogadishu and Lasa due to the unwelcome reception by the locals. |
|
| Admiral Zheng He was dispatched with imperial letters, silk brocade, silk floss, silk gauze, and other gifts for the rulers of these countries. |
|
| Zheng He found that the Yongle Emperor had died during his absence after he returned from Palembang. |
|
| Zheng He governed the city with three eunuchs for internal matters and two military noblemen for external matters. |
|
| Before departing for the seventh voyage, Admiral Zheng He and his associates had the Liujiagang and Changle inscriptions inscribed. |
|
| The overland journey may have been undertaken by someone else than Zheng He himself. |
|
| Admiral Zheng He's fleet had departed from Calicut for Hormuz by the time Hong Bao's squadron arrived in Calicut. |
|
|
|
| Admiral Zheng He came back with envoys from 11 countries, including one from Mecca. |
|
| However, the succeeding Xuande Emperor ordered Admiral Zheng He to command the fleet for the seventh voyage. |
|
| It is possible that Admiral Zheng He made use of these ships for the sixth voyage. |
|
| Once there, Admiral Zheng He would organize his fleet and make sacrifices to Tianfei. |
|
| Admiral Zheng He followed for the most parts established trade routes during his voyages rather than unknown territory. |
|
| The Liujiagang and Changle inscriptions suggest that Zheng He's life was mostly defined by the treasure voyages. |
|
| In November 1997 during a Harvard University speech, President Jiang Zemin praised Admiral Zheng He for spreading Chinese culture abroad. |
|
| It also suggests that Zheng He may have had Mongol and Arab ancestry and that he could speak Arabic. |
|
| Zheng He was ordered to initiate the construction of the fleet. |
|
| In modern times, interest in Zheng He revived substantially. |
|
| Zheng He's fleets visited Brunei, Java, Thailand and Southeast Asia, India, the Horn of Africa, and Arabia, dispensing and receiving goods along the way. |
|
| While Zheng He's fleet was unprecedented, the routes were not. |
|
| Zheng He's tomb in Nanjing has been repaired and a small museum built next to it, although his body was buried at sea off the Malabar Coast near Calicut in western India. |
|
| During this voyage, Zheng He and his fleet did not land on Ceylon. |
|
| Traditional and popular accounts of Zheng He's voyages have described a great fleet of gigantic ships, far larger than any other wooden ships in history. |
|
| Duyvendak thinks that Zheng He could not have been on the second voyage, because this ceremony was so important that it required Zheng He's attendance. |
|
| Chinese records state that Zheng He's fleet sailed as far as East Africa. |
|
| Presented with the incriminating evidence and the gravity of the accusations, the Wanli Emperor, in an attempt to spare Noble Consort Zheng, personally presided over the case. |
|
| Gong Zhen served as Zheng He's private secretary on the seventh voyage. |
|
| Admiral Zheng He's fleet left Nanjing in 1413, probably in the autumn. |
|
|
|
| In retaliation to the situation, Sekandar led his forces to attack the Ming forces, but Admiral Zheng He and his troops disembarked from their ships and captured Sekandar. |
|
| In 1802, the menacing Zheng Yi inherited the fleet of his cousin, captain Zheng Qi, whose death provided Zheng Yi with considerably more influence in the world of piracy. |
|
| In 2005, China commemorated the 600th anniversary of Zheng He's maiden voyage, characterizing it as the start of a series of peaceful seafaring explorations. |
|
| The Hongxi Emperor ended further expeditions and the descendants of the Xuande Emperor suppressed much of the information about Zheng He's treasure voyages. |
|
| Zheng He would be one of his commanders during this campaign. |
|
| In 1424, Admiral Zheng He traveled to Palembang to confer an official seal and letter of appointment upon Shi Jisun, who was placed in the office of Pacification Commissioner. |
|
| From 1404 to 1433 Zheng He led expeditions into the Indian Ocean. |
|
| In 1424, Admiral Zheng He departed on a diplomatic mission to Palembang. |
|
| These charts were derived from records of Zheng He's navigators. |
|
| Thus, on 24 February 1425, he appointed Admiral Zheng He as the defender of Nanjing and ordered him to continue his command over the treasure fleet for the city's defense. |
|
| Moreover, revisionist historians such as Jack Goldstone argue that the Zheng He voyages ended for practical reasons that did not reflect the technological level of China. |
|
| On 25 March 1428, the Xuande Emperor ordered Zheng He and others to takeover the supervision for the rebuilding and repair of the Great Baoen Temple at Nanjing. |
|
| Neglect of the imperial navy and Nanjing dockyards after Zheng He's voyages left the coast highly vulnerable to Japanese Wokou during the 16th century. |
|
