| The simulation consists of thermalization, equilibration, and production phases. |
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| The magnitude of the observed anisotropic flow effect is sensitive to the degree of thermalization at the collision's earliest moments. |
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| The collisional thermalization between electrons and ions is very slow, due to the large difference in their masses, and it occurs on a millisecond timescale. |
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| The system forestalls thermalization because the one-dimensional motion prevents the kind of momentum transfers that generate a broad distribution of energies, Weiss says. |
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