| If the null hypothesis is rejected, the program calculates a posterior probability for functional divergence for each position in the alignment. |
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| The null hypothesis was that habitat and other variables could not be used to predict the identity of a murrelet group. |
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| We used the test with Yates's correction to avoid spurious rejection of the null hypothesis when expectations are too small. |
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| Paup does not reproduce the phenetic clusters, and therefore the null hypothesis is falsified. |
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| Based on the statistical results, the null hypothesis is rejected for all variables. |
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| We performed significance tests of the null hypothesis of constant population size for both data sets. |
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| The normal curve approach to inference begins by asserting a null hypothesis that is expressed using population parameters. |
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| We also tested the secondary null hypothesis that differences in vesical neck mobility would be independent of parity and continence status. |
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| To construct the null hypothesis in this test, we started with the observed number of species and assumed a constant rate of origination. |
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| There is a potential misuse of the power function under the logical extreme when the null hypothesis is true. |
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| The next step in hypothesis testing is to draw a conclusion based on the decision to reject or not reject the null hypothesis. |
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| The null hypothesis is generally set counter to what is expected or theory suggests will be true. |
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| The null hypothesis is always the most restrictive and its complement is called the alternative hypothesis. |
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| The null hypothesis tested in this study, then, was the proportion of invariable sites model plus either site-specific or gamma-distributed rate variation. |
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| We used a chi-square test of goodness of fit to test the null hypothesis that usage occurs in proportion to availability, considering all habitats simultaneously. |
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| Overall, we cannot convincingly reject the null hypothesis of no effect of TLF on working hours. |
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| A faulty null hypothesis may be accepted if the autotoxic potential of a test species is overlooked in density-response experiments. |
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| A null hypothesis can either be accepted or it can be rejected in favour of an alternative hypothesis. |
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| You then have to go about getting enough data to prove the null hypothesis wrong. |
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| The choice of type I error should depend on the consequence of incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis. |
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| They cannot reject the null hypothesis that the Phillips curve is linear, leading them to prefer their own model-based explanation. |
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| Rejection of the null hypothesis indicates that modelling the country effects as fixed is more appropriate. |
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| The null hypothesis is that archives do not reliably represent historical trends of atmospheric metals. |
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| Failure to reject the null hypothesis is not the same thing as accepting the null hypothesis. |
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| Although Fung and Yuan did not examine it, I would be interested in knowing whether the joint null hypothesis would be rejected. |
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| The null hypothesis that the variance of equals zero is rejected in nearly all countries in both subsamples. |
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| Those changes in regimes could explain that standard statistical tests cannot reject the null hypothesis that interest rates have a unit root. |
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| However, they generally fail to apply the equally important concept of statistical power to interpreting cases where they fail to reject the null hypothesis. |
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| Testing for heteroscedasticity in wage changes according to the level of inflation yields a strong rejection of the null hypothesis. |
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| Therefore, the results provide no basis to reject the null hypothesis that the increase in tax credit assistance had no effect on private financing for film and television production. |
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| If rejecting the null hypothesis leads to a very large cost or to a high risk intervention, one will want to keep the probability of type I error low. |
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| As a result, a specification test of heteroscedasticity is performed with null hypothesis being that error terms are homogenous. |
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| Collinearity does not bias the estimates but inflates the standard errors, resulting in smaller t-statistics and hence a higher probability of accepting the null hypothesis. |
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| Furthermore, the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test can be used to test the null hypothesis that different techniques generate the same distribution of efficiency scores. |
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| The null hypothesis that all the studied sabreurs belonged to the same population had to be rejected, so further analyses had to be done separately for the two groups. |
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| Done properly, science means that you stop yourself and figure out what the opposite is — the null hypothesis — and you prove the null hypothesis couldn't possibly be true. |
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| Type II error is when we have failed to reject the null hypothesis when, in fact, it is false. |
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| The predictions of the hypothesis are compared to those of the null hypothesis, to determine which is better able to explain the data. |
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| The authors mainly test the null hypothesis of no serial correlation of the residuals to determine which specifications best describe the lag dynamics of inflation. |
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| The backhandedness of this procedure reflects the fact that null hypothesis tests are motivated by rhetorical considerations. |
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| Our null hypothesis reads that juveniles of red abalone would feed nonselectively on the epilithic and epiphytic diatom films supplied. |
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| Under the null hypothesis, the fixed components are jointly equal to zero. |
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| These are nuisance parameters that affect the distribution of the ADF test and make it more difficult to reject the null hypothesis of integration. |
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| Terms commonly associated with statistical hypotheses are null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis. |
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| Thus, any event in the rejection region leads to rejection of the null hypothesis. |
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| First, we specify a first-order autoregressive error process and test the null hypothesis that the errors are not first-order autocorrelated. |
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| The present study was designed to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the fracture resistance of pulpless teeth restored with different types of post-core systems and full coverage crowns. |
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| They show that the test statistic is asymptotically distributed standard normal under the null hypothesis, and diverges to infinity when the null hypothesis is false. |
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| The null hypothesis contends that the residuals are homoscedastic, independent of the explanatory variables, and that the model is correctly specified. |
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| Another objection is that it is not always possible to demonstrate falsehood definitively, especially if one is using statistical criteria to evaluate a null hypothesis. |
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| Most notably, we can reject the null hypothesis of symmetric adjustments in favor of asymmetric adjustments at any significance level only for the aforementioned M-TAR model. |
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| The reported test statistics in Table 1 indicate that the null hypothesis cannot be rejected for any of the series at the 5 percent significance level. |
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| Researchers normally want to show that the null hypothesis is false. |
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| Specifically, we fit stable Paretian distributions to the residuals for some important macro-economic variates testing the null hypothesis of finite moments. |
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| A Type II error is made if a false null hypothesis is accepted. |
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