His son, Thomas Chaucer, had an illustrious career, as chief butler to four kings, envoy to France, and Speaker of the House of Commons. |
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If the whole troupe be diuided into many clewes, or round bunches, you need not then doubt but that there are many kings. |
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When the line of western emperors ceased, many of the kings who replaced them were from the same background. |
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Lords and kings supported entourages of fighters who formed the backbone of the military forces. |
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Ireland was divided into even smaller political units, usually known as tribal kingdoms, under the control of kings. |
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There were perhaps as many as 150 local kings in Ireland, of varying importance. |
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Efforts by local kings to fight the invaders led to the formation of new political entities. |
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Many banking firms loaned money to royalty, at great risk, as some were bankrupted when kings defaulted on their loans. |
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Throughout the 14th century, French kings sought to expand their influence at the expense of the territorial holdings of the nobility. |
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Many of the latter became completely Gaelicised, and did not recognise England's kings except perhaps nominally. |
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Some, such as Manus O'Donnell and Conn O'Neill, 1st Earl of Tyrone, were kings themselves. |
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Each batch was given names with a distinctive theme, for example kings for the 6000 class and castles for the 4073 class. |
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Relatives of the kings of Aragon ruled the island until 1409, when it formally passed to the Crown of Aragon. |
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The names of Scandinavian kings are reliably known only for the later part of the Viking Age. |
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According to the poem, the Alban kings were descended from Aeneas, and thus Romulus, the founder of Rome, was his descendant. |
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Initially, Rome was ruled by kings, who were elected from each of Rome's major tribes in turn. |
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The sacred king took on the religious responsibilities of the deposed kings. |
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The elite declared themselves as kings who developed burhs, and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. |
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The kings of these small kingdoms issued written Laws, one of earliest of which is that attributed to Ethelbert, king of Kent, ca. |
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In the Middle Ages, Gaelic Ireland was divided into a hierarchy of territories ruled by a hierarchy of kings or chiefs. |
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By the 9th century, some of the most powerful kings were being acknowledged as High King of Ireland. |
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As early as Shulgi, however, kings praised themselves for protecting roads and building waystations for travelers. |
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Besides hospitality, the Frankish bishops and kings provided interpreters and were asked to allow some Frankish priests to accompany the mission. |
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Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. |
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In November 1171 Henry accepted the fealty of the Dublin Vikings, the Gaelic kings and the Norman knights. |
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Bologna's special claim to Alma Mater Studiorum independent of kings, emperors or any kind of direct religious authority. |
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If they did not have enough gods yet, they should elevate one of their deceased kings, Erik, to be a god. |
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Under the Stuart kings the Tower's buildings were remodelled, mostly under the auspices of the Office of Ordnance. |
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Visitors can explore the chambers restored to their former glory, once used by past kings and queens. |
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The Kathmandu Durbar Square held the palaces of the Malla and Shah kings who ruled over the city. |
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The Bogomils were strong in Balkans, and became the official religion supported by the Bosnian kings. |
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There, Arthur and Guinevere are married and there are the tombs of many kings and knights. |
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This leads to Britain being ruled by five kings, who keep attacking each other. |
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He eventually defeats the other kings and establishes his rule over the whole island. |
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The Saxons returned after Arthur's death, but would not end the line of British kings until the death of Cadwallader. |
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This supports the idea that banquets were a symbol of power and prestige for medieval lords and kings. |
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Etruscan religion was also a major influence, particularly on the practice of augury, since Rome had once been ruled by Etruscan kings. |
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It was not until the reign of Henry IV that English became the native tongue of the kings of England. |
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Miraculously moist, the chrism was kept in an ampulla in Reims cathedral where the coronations of the kings of France were held. |
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The divine right of kings, divine right, or God's mandate is a political and religious doctrine of royal and political legitimacy. |
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In the pagan world, kings were often seen as either ruling with the backing of heavenly powers or perhaps even being divine beings themselves. |
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In the Scriptures kings are called gods, and so their power after a certain relation compared to the Divine power. |
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And lastly, kings are compared to the head of this microcosm of the body of man. |
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In early Mesopotamian culture, kings were often regarded as deities after their death. |
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Paine pointed to the Old Testament, where almost all kings had seduced the Israelites to worship idols instead of God. |
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All the palaces of the kings of Persia were built by paid workers in an era when slaves typically did such work. |
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It drew on ceremonies used by the kings of the Franks and those used in the ordination of bishops. |
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A procession of more cards, kings and queens and even the White Rabbit enters the garden. |
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As with Ray Reardon and his successor Steve Davis, there was to be no World Final showdown between once and future kings. |
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With his doctrine that sovereignty is conferred by divine law, Bodin predefined the scope of the divine right of kings. |
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However, it may be that these represent campaigns by kings of Alt Clut, whose kingdom was certainly part of the region linked by the Irish Sea. |
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After this, little is heard of Alt Clut or its kings until the 9th century. |
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From this time forward, and perhaps from much earlier, the kingdom of Strathclyde was subject to periodic domination by the kings of Alba. |
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Later in Edward's reign, and in that of Athelstan, the kings of Wessex did extend their power far north. |
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The rebels did so well in their raiding that the Danish kings decided to take over the campaign themselves. |
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By the 980s the kings of Wessex had a powerful grip on the coinage of the realm. |
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Additionally, the learning and literacy found in monasteries served as useful tools for ambitious kings. |
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A number of kings are named in the Duan Albanach, and in royal genealogies, but these are rather less reliable than we might wish. |
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It is unclear whether the Mormaers were originally former kings, royal officials, or local nobles, or some combination of these. |
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It appears that these are associated with Pictish kings, which argues for a considerable degree of royal patronage and control of the church. |
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Many Irish kings also submitted to him, likely in the hope that he would curb Norman expansion. |
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At the top was the High King, who received tribute from the other kings but did not rule Ireland as a unitary state. |
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The army included contingents from Connacht, Breffny, Meath, and Dublin, each led by their respective kings. |
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Fifteen Irish kings and chiefs submitted to Henry, likely in the hope that he would curb unprovoked Norman expansion into their territories. |
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The new power of the monarch was given a basis by the notion of the divine right of kings to rule over their subjects. |
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Throughout much of European history, the divine right of kings was the theological justification for absolute monarchy. |
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Ministers to kings, whose eyes, ears, and hands they are, must be answerable to God and man. |
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The Kaiser, kings and other hereditary rulers all were removed from power and Wilhelm fled to exile in the Netherlands. |
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Previously only the Henrican articles signed by each of Poland's elected kings could perform the function of a set of basic laws. |
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In practice, however, the religious leaders function more as advisors to the kings than as corulers. |
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The office of king in ancient Sparta was divided between two kings from separate dynasties, each holding a veto over the other's actions. |
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In contrast to Tibet, the dynasty eventually consolidated its power and now rules as the kings of Bhutan. |
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One of the first rulers to be proclaimed a god during his actual reign was Gudea of Lagash, followed by some later kings of Ur, such as Shulgi. |
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See what regard will be paid to the pedigree which deduces your descent from kings and conquerors. |
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Suspicions dispose kings to tyranny, husbands to jealousy, and wise men to irresolution and melancholy. |
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They are the ghost kings of the high country, more cautious and wary than deer, and more difficult to track. |
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I watched with glee while your kings and queens fought for ten decades for the gods they made. |
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Subsequent medieval English kings completed the conquest of Wales and made an unsuccessful attempt to annex Scotland. |
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Then in the late 9th and early 10th centuries, the kings of Wessex defeated the Danes and liberated the Angles from the Danelaw. |
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They united their house in marriage with the surviving Angle royalty, and were accepted by the Angles as their kings. |
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The kings of Wessex became increasingly dominant over the other kingdoms of England during the 9th century. |
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They conquered and ruled parts of it, acknowledging the overlordship of the Norman kings of England but with considerable local independence. |
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The Marcher Lords were progressively tied to the English kings by the grants of lands and lordships in England. |
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With this, the Merovingian line of kings ended, and the Carolingian line began. |
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This meant that in discussing conflicts between kingdoms, the date would have to be given in the regnal years of all the kings involved. |
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Accepting the overlordship of the king of the English was no novelty, as previous kings had done so without result. |
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During the period of the reigns from Egbert to Alfred the Great, the kings of Wessex emerged as Bretwalda, unifying the country. |
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All of the Irish kingdoms had their own kings but were nominally subject to the High King. |
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Shakespeare's plays contain several tales relating to these legendary kings, such as King Lear and Cymbeline. |
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All the kings after him, until Egypt became a Roman province in 30 BC, were also Ptolemies. |
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Law codes were issued by the Germanic kings, however, the influence of early Eastern Roman codes on some of these is quite discernible. |
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Constantine drove them back beyond the Rhine and captured two of their kings, Ascaric and Merogaisus. |
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His refusal to accept gifts from kings placed him outside the normal ties of kinship, fosterage and affinity. |
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A stir was caused in 1044 when two kings, in some dispute over the bell, went on spates of prisoner taking and cattle theft. |
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The British name Caedbaed is found in the pedigree of the kings of Lindsey, which argues for the survival of British elites in this area also. |
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Bertha was the daughter of Charibert I, one of the Merovingian kings of the Franks. |
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Besides hospitality, the Frankish bishops and kings provided interpreters and Frankish priests to accompany the mission. |
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Chlothar, in particular, needed a friendly realm across the Channel to help guard his kingdom's flanks against his fellow Frankish kings. |
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For the first few years of his reign he had to face two strong rival kings, Wihtred of Kent and Ine of Wessex. |
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The throne subsequently passed to a series of kings with unknown genealogies. |
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The dates, names and achievements of the Essex kings, like those of most early rulers in the Heptarchy, remain conjectural. |
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The historical identification of the kings of Essex, including the evidence and a reconstructed genealogy are discussed extensively by Yorke. |
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Of the later South Saxon kings we have little knowledge except from occasional charters. |
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These meetings were also attended by rulers from outside his territory, especially Welsh kings, who thus acknowledged his overlordship. |
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The two kings agreed not to invade each other's territories or to support each other's enemies. |
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Southern kings had never ruled the north, and his usurpation was met with outrage by the Northumbrians, who had always resisted southern control. |
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The League had this hold over the royalty because of the loans the Hansa had made to the royalty and the large debt the kings were carrying. |
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Early Norman kings of England, as Dukes of Normandy, owed homage to the King of France for their land on the continent. |
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The Plantagenet kings were often forced to negotiate compromises such as Magna Carta. |
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Tudor assumed the throne as Henry VII, founding the Tudor dynasty and bringing the Plantagenet line of kings to an end. |
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The two kings now began to compete for control of Berry, a prosperous region of value to both kings. |
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It reappeared as a duchy, and in the High Middle Ages, an enlarged Aquitaine pledged loyalty to the Angevin kings of England. |
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The size of the forests had expanded under the Angevin kings, an unpopular development. |
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The Norman and Angevin kings had traditionally exercised a great deal of power over the church within their territories. |
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But Edward, having descended from the French kings, claimed the throne for himself. |
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While on a truce the French and English kings intervened in the War of the Breton Succession. |
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While England was accustomed to change her kings, the French largely adhered to theirs. |
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The kings resorted to bribes, and the Spanish king became Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. |
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The two kings were on the point of taking Paris with their great army, when the French king fell by the hands of an assassin. |
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After the Norman Conquest, the kings of England were vassals of the kings of France for their possessions in France. |
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The French kings had endeavored, over the centuries, to reduce these possessions, to the effect that only Gascony was left to the English. |
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The Angevin kings directly ruled over more French territory than the kings of France. |
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As kings continued to look for new ways to raise money, these fiscal surveys increased in number and scope over time. |
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He was the last of the Plantagenet kings, as well as the last English king to die in battle. |
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Take oaths from all kings and magistrates at their installment, to do impartial justice by law. Milton. |
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Domestically, Henry is known for his radical changes to the English Constitution, ushering in the theory of the divine right of kings to England. |
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The Stuart kings used it as a justification for controlling the appointment of bishops. |
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The vassals were subject to their lords, who in turn were subject to barons or kings. |
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By the late 11th century at the very latest, Scottish kings were using the term rex Scottorum, or King of Scots, to refer to themselves in Latin. |
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These two were followed by a series of regencies, caused by the youth of the succeeding 5 boy kings. |
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And so it follows of necessity that kings were the authors and makers of the laws, and not the laws of the kings. |
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Charles believed in the divine right of kings and thought he could govern according to his own conscience. |
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Napoleon elevated the rulers of the two largest Confederation states, Saxony and Bavaria, to the status of kings. |
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Early kings of England had no standing army or police, and so depended on the support of powerful subjects. |
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During the 13th and 14th centuries, the kings began to call Knights of the Shire to meet when the monarch saw it as necessary. |
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Rockingham Forest was designated as a royal hunting forest by William the Conqueror, and was long used by English kings and queens. |
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Wearing the cloth of kings would seem to be an appropriate symbol. |
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We played crazy eights, war, fifty-two card pickup. Rudy flipped the whole deck across the table at me and the cards sailed to the floor, kings, queens, deuces. |
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England was ruled by King John, the third of the Angevin kings. |
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The historians William of Malmesbury, Orderic Vitalis, and Matthew Paris all left full accounts of his struggles against the second and third Norman kings. |
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Judaea greeted its monarch. He was to ascend to the immemorial sacring place of millennia of kings, there to be endued with the robe and crown of rule. |
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The Church Father Athenagoras, in the manner of Euhemeros, conceives many demons as the postmortal souls of important deceased men, like heroes and kings. |
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Although brehons usually dealt with legal cases, kings would have been able to deliver judgments also, but it is unclear how much they would have had to rely on brehons. |
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In the past the English kings would have to submit to the King of France. |
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The western Frankish kingdom was more fragmented, and although kings remained nominally in charge, much of the political power devolved to the local lords. |
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Further south, the Saxon kings of Wessex withstood the Danish assaults. |
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Control of castles allowed the nobles to defy kings or other overlords. |
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By the reign of Brian Boru, Irish kings were taking large armies on campaign over long distances and using naval forces in tandem with land forces. |
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It went on to be adopted by the kings of the Tudor dynasty in the 16th century, under whom the Palace of Westminster became the regular meeting place of Parliament. |
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She meets sirens and sea serpents and hidebehinds, wicked kings and repulsive recluses, capitalist magicians and seven-league boots and magic pomegranates. |
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She was asserting ecclesiastical suzerainty as 'highbishop' much as the Ui Nelll kings of Tara were claiming suzerainty over other provincial kings. |
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The reign of the Viking kings came to an end with the last king Eric Bloodaxe dying in battle in 954 after the invasion and conquest by the Kingdom of England from the south. |
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Two kings are known from near contemporary sources in this early period. |
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The city served as the place of coronation of most Polish kings. |
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The direct succession of French kings, father to son, from 987 to 1316, of thirteen generations in almost 330 years, was unparallelled in recorded history. |
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This was helped by cooperation with the kings of France, under the terms of what became known as the Auld Alliance, which provided for mutual aid against the English. |
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Early on, manning a castle was a feudal duty of vassals to their magnates, and magnates to their kings, however this was later replaced with paid forces. |
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In Tudor and Stuart times, various kings and queens built magnificent riverside palaces at Hampton Court, Kew, Richmond on Thames, Whitehall and Greenwich. |
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While the divine right of kings granted unconditional legitimacy, the Mandate of Heaven was dependent on the behaviour of the ruler, the Son of Heaven. |
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In later periods multiple kings existed, ruling over separate kingdoms, with one king, sometimes two, more or less dominating their lesser neighbours. |
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While earlier kings had to be successful war leaders to maintain their authority, kingship became rather less personalised and more institutionalised during this time. |
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The High King was drawn from the ranks of the provincial kings and ruled also the royal kingdom of Meath, with a ceremonial capital at the Hill of Tara. |
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Wives of kings are then anointed and crowned as queen consort. |
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Gentleman Johnny's Huey, Dewey and Louie are the next highest cards visible. The three twos look puny against light-fingered Tucker's kings, but Johnny's still in the pot. |
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It is doubtful whether the Tudor kings used the name on the throne. |
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Strabo also mentions British kings who sent embassies to Augustus and Augustus's own Res Gestae refers to two British kings he received as refugees. |
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The fortunes of the Catuvellauni and their kings before the conquest can be traced through ancient coins and scattered references in classical histories. |
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But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. |
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Under the monarchy, the hoplite armies were led by the kings of Rome. |
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At one extreme, the kings of Dahomey routinely slaughtered slaves in hundreds or thousands in sacrificial rituals, and slaves as human sacrifices were also known in Cameroon. |
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In the 20th century, further details were added to Herne's legend, including the idea that his ghost appears shortly before national disasters and the deaths of kings. |
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By the end of the sixth century, the leaders of these communities were styling themselves kings, though it should not be assumed that all of them were Germanic in origin. |
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By the end of the sixth century the leaders of these communities were styling themselves kings, with the majority of the larger kingdoms based on the south or east coasts. |
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The word of the LORD that came to Micah the Morasthite in the days of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, which he saw concerning Samaria and Jerusalem. |
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This left a vacuum of power in Wales in which princes and kings were free to squabble over their lands, without the unifying presence of Gruffudd to ward off Norman attacks. |
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While the title is not the same, the character Denethor in The Lord of the Rings conducts the same role as Steward of Gondor, due to the absence of the line of kings. |
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The kings had so thoroughly centralised the system that most nobles spent their time at Versailles, and thus played only a small direct role in their home districts. |
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They include laws of the kings, beginning with those of Aethelbert of Kent and ending with those of Cnut, and texts dealing with specific cases and places in the country. |
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Ine was the most durable of the West Saxon kings, reigning for 38 years. |
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The throne then passed to a series of other kings who claimed descent from Cerdic but whose supposed genealogies and relationship to one another are unknown. |
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During the 8th century Wessex was overshadowed by Mercia, whose power was then at its height, and the West Saxon kings may at times have acknowledged Mercian overlordship. |
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Try asking for a king-size bed next time because kings are usually firmer. |
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This list of kings and queens of the Kingdom of England begins with Alfred the Great, King of Wessex, one of the petty kingdoms to rule a portion of modern England. |
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The Essex kings issued coins that echoed those issued by Cunobeline simultaneously asserting a link to the first century rulers while emphasising independence from Mercia. |
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For forty years, two or even three kings typically ruled simultaneously. |
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The traditional residence of the South Saxon kings was at Kingsham, once outside the southern walls of Chichester although within its modern boundaries. |
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For example, Offa, king of Mercia, and Egbert, king of Wessex, are sometimes described as kings of England by popular writers, but not by all historians. |
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Complex tiers of relationships between kings and kingdoms existed. |
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Eadgifu also had two sons, the future kings Edmund and Eadred. |
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Some historians prefer to group the subsequent kings into two groups, before and after the loss of the Angevin Empire, although they are not different royal houses. |
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It is from the time of Henry III, after the loss of most of the family's continental possessions, that the Plantagenet kings became more English in nature. |
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Edward urged the Irish to ally with the Scots by invoking their shared Gaelic ancestry and culture, and most of the northern kings acknowledged him as High King of Ireland. |
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By the traditional count from the year 872, the kingdom has existed continuously for 1,144 years and the list of Norwegian monarchs includes over sixty kings and earls. |
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The official portrait is a photographic production of record and dissemination of important personalities, notably kings, presidents and governors. |
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The English kings had also developed the system of issuing writs to their officials, in addition to the normal medieval practice of issuing charters. |
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During the brief period of absolute monarchies in Europe, the divine right of kings was an important competing justification for the exercise of sovereignty. |
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He will father a line of kings though he himself will not be one. |
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Intermarriage between the new kings and the Roman elites was common. |
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It contains sculptures of the kings of England from William the Conqueror to Henry VI with stone and gilded canopies set against a red background. |
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Earls held a status similar to that of the continental counts, but there were no dukes at this time, only ducal titles that the kings of England held. |
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Richard I of England would end the Treaty of Falaise in exchange for money to fund his own crusade, setting a context for cordial relationships between the two kings. |
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The two lion kings, William the Lion, King of Scotland, and Richard, opened negotiations to revoke the Treaty of Falaise and an agreement was reached. |
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For most of its history, Gaelic Ireland was a 'patchwork' hierarchy of territories ruled by a hierarchy of kings or chiefs, who were elected through tanistry. |
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As his successor Lupus, he probably owed allegiance to the Frankish kings. |
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He remains one of the few kings of England remembered by his epithet, rather than regnal number, and is an enduring iconic figure both in England and in France. |
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The two kings stayed on in Sicily for a while, but this resulted in increasing tensions between them and their men, with Philip Augustus plotting with Tancred against Richard. |
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Eventually Conrad of Montferrat concluded the surrender negotiations with Saladin's forces inside Acre and raised the banners of the kings in the city. |
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