| The hadal environment is one of the last habitats on earth to be impacted by unsustainable human activity. |
|
| The hadal zone makes up only 1 or 2 percent of the ocean and is located in narrow oceanic trenches. |
|
| Waters deeper than 6,000 m are treated separately as the hadal realm by ecologists. |
|
| They occur at abyssal and hadal depths, either burrowing or surface-dwelling, and are important elements of the midoceanic rift fauna. |
|
| Lastly, the hadal zone corresponds to the hadalpelagic zone, which is found in oceanic trenches. |
|
| The ocean floor is not all flat but has submarine ridges and deep ocean trenches known as the hadal zone. |
|
| The final zone includes the deep oceanic trenches, and is known as the hadal zone. |
|
| A rare but important terrain feature found in the abyssal and hadal zones is the hydrothermal vent. |
|
| Another unusual feature found in the abyssal and hadal zones is the cold seep, sometimes called a cold vent. |
|
| CeDAMar scientists have demonstrated that some abyssal and hadal species have a cosmopolitan distribution. |
|
| It lies in the hadal zone beyond the abyssal zone, and plunges down to a water depth of around 11 kilometers. |
|
| This is because abyssal and hadal waters are the reservoir for the salts from decomposed biological materials that settle downward from upper zones, and the lack of sunlight prevents their uptake by photosynthesis. |
|
| Its 174 species may or may not be descendants of a common ancestor and are found in many habitats from intertidal to hadal deep sea, including estuaries, salt springs, and caves. |
|
| The hadal zone is the name given to the deepest depths of the ocean, named after hades as the underworld god of Greek mythology. |
|
| Some species live in the coldest ocean temperatures of the hadal zone, while others can be found in the extremely hot waters adjacent to hydrothermal vents. |
|
| Within the abyssal and hadal zones, the areas around submarine hydrothermal vents and cold seeps have by far the greatest biomass and biodiversity per unit area. |
|
| Of these 11 species, two live exclusively in the hadal zone. |
|
