| This preparation generates rhythmic activities of the hypoglossal nerve that are considered to be akin to both eupnea and gasping. |
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| At all levels, but particularly at the mid-collicular and pontine levels, there was a pronounced inhibition of eupnea by sighing respiration. |
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| In the transition from eupnea to gasping, the duration of the period of primary apnea is exceedingly variable. |
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| Once generated in the brainstem, ventilatory activity in eupnea and gasping is conveyed via the same cranial and spinal nerves. |
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| During eupnea, the need for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange is being met, and the individual is not usually conscious of the breathing pattern. |
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