Two-dimensional diffraction patterns were recorded using a high-sensitivity charge-coupled device detector. |
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The clay minerals illite, chlorite and montmorillonite were identified within the palaeosols by X-ray diffraction. |
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As a hydrodynamicist he was among the first to develop a numerical code for ocean wave diffraction around large objects in the sea. |
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The removal of the diffraction pattern is a major advantage when trying to image faint sources near a bright star. |
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For the first time in optical design, aberration, diffraction and coma were described and understood. |
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With grazing incidence diffraction a monoclinic tilted chain lattice is found in the condensed phase. |
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The net effect is the diffraction of the incident radiation by the array of molecules. |
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The sample chamber could be rotated to alter the incident angle for both reflective and transmissive diffraction. |
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The diffraction constant for the diffractometer was calculated using a grating with 0.1 turn spacings. |
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When a source gives off light, that light can be dispersed into a rainbow spectrum by a prism or diffraction grating. |
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The system had to be achromatic and diffraction limited for two specific wavelengths spaced about 35 nm apart. |
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At the time of diffraction, the scale's grating causes the phase of diffracted light beams to change. |
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We'll cover the fundamentals needed to understand basic optical concepts such as radiometry, polarization, diffraction, and holography. |
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The relevant law in this case governs the diffraction of light as it passes the edges of an opening such as a telescope aperture. |
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He related the amount of refraction of light, or diffraction of light, to its wavelength. |
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Upon stretching the fiber, all the meridian reflections are shifted toward small angles of diffraction. |
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In our fluorimeter, monochromatic light is produced by passing white light through a diffraction grating. |
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It was a beautifully worked out theory and explained most of the observed phenomena of light such as reflection, refraction, diffraction etc. |
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Light enters the mouse through side openings near the front and travels to a reflective diffraction grating. |
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Optically, pinhole images, because they are created by diffraction, are a recording of diffracted light. |
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He encouraged her to continue her scientific work and she continued successful work on x-ray diffraction in the Department of Physics. |
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This idea was forgotten about when the wave nature of light became apparent via diffraction experiments. |
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The sensor is based on a novel diffraction grating called an image multiplex grating, made up of arcs of circles rather than straight lines. |
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The intensity, width, and center of the diffraction peaks were obtained from a fit with a Gaussian bell curve. |
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So for many applications researchers turn to diffraction, which requires a crystal, but can achieve resolutions of a few angstroms or better. |
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They conducted Xray diffraction and petrographic analysis of thin sections from a vessel suspected to have originated in the Caddoan region. |
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A consequence of this stagger on the x-ray diffraction pattern would be a marked enhancement of the 1.1 and 2.2 reflections. |
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The laser beam for Raman excitation was focused to a static diffraction limited spot in the center of the focal plane. |
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Scientists soon learned that they could use X-ray diffraction to learn how atoms and molecules were arranged in crystals. |
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The Nuffield O level syllabus covered this in year 9, along with lots of optics, including reflection, refraction, diffraction and telescopes. |
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The site yielded a miniature elbow pipe of catlinite, as identified through X-ray diffraction by James Gundersen and Lillian Pollock. |
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Neither the concept of polytypism nor the X-ray diffraction technique was known in Domeyko's time. |
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Based on x-ray diffraction data, the authors concluded that the observed aggregates represented dispersed particles of cubic structure. |
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By using galvanometric scanning, we achieve an along-track spatial resolution better than the diffraction limit. |
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Neutron diffraction determinations of the methyl distribution using specific deuteration will resolve the issue. |
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In 1910, Max von Laue published an equation that can be used to calculate diffraction maxima observed from two-dimensional cross gratings. |
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A diffraction grating can accomplish the same separation of colors because of diffraction. |
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The increase of experimental resolution in x-ray diffraction could open the way for the study of less dense aggregates. |
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Lipid phase behavior and the dimensions of the multibilayer systems were analyzed by x-ray diffraction. |
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This phenomenon is due to the diffraction of the electron beam by the material through which it passes. |
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However, because of the wave nature of light, focused light is subject to diffraction. |
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Even an in-focus image will exhibit some blurring due to the diffraction of light from the camera aperture. |
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This modulation can be monitored by the diffraction efficiency of a probe beam. |
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The earliest monochromators were prisms, but these gave way to diffraction gratings, flat plates etched with very finely spaced parallel lines. |
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The complete diffraction data, once obtained, can be used to construct the electron density map of the unit cell. |
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The pattern of X-ray diffraction reveals the three-dimensional structure of the protein. |
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Last was the invention of the diffraction grating for use in analyzing spectra from astronomical bodies. |
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He studied the hypothesis that X-rays were waves and proved this by using crystals as three dimensional diffraction gratings. |
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The electron micrographs of over 1000 filaments were subjected to optical diffraction as previously described. |
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This is color that is caused by microstructures such as diffraction gratings, and thin films rather than pigment. |
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There is a slit made from two razor blades, a diffraction grating made from a CD disk, and a viewing port, made from a paper tube. |
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The diffraction grating could be such that the intensity of the reflected light varies as the viewer's orientation varies. |
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After reflection by a diffraction grating, it passed through an intercepting plate window of different optical filters into the irradiation room. |
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After diffraction of the beam, the monochromatic radiation was exited from the lower part of the slit and transmitted by another light guide. |
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Light exposure during inspection and mounting of the crystals might be another limitation for the x-ray diffraction quality of the crystals. |
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A narrow beam of laser light gradually spreads out due to wave diffraction, and if it's ionizing some substance, it will gradually lose its intensity. |
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In their chiral nematic states, the materials have a helical macrostructure which acts like a diffraction grating and selectively reflect light just like a compact disc does. |
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But the corona owes its origin to diffraction rather than refraction. |
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According to Young, diffraction fringes occur as a result of interference between the incident wave and a wave arising from the edge of a diffracting aperture or body. |
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In crystallography and other fields of research, the structure factor is often computed by x-ray diffraction to characterize the microstructure of small molecules. |
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The regularity of these series of lines also evokes the diffraction grating, as if the frame had been in physical contact with the machine portrayed in the painting. |
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In precious opal, the minute spheres of silica which make up its internal structure act as a diffraction grating, splitting light into its spectral colours. |
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A physical principle called the diffraction limit says that light cannot be used to see or inscribe features that are smaller than half its wavelength. |
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Further investigation by electro microscopy revealed that the antennae consist of microscopic corrugated sheets that act as natural diffraction gratings. |
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Seminal work on the diffraction grating was done by Joseph von Fraunhofer beginning in 1821, who demonstrated that the gratings could produce spectra of unprecedented quality. |
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With such extensometer, the fiber's central zone is stretched without any displacement and can be analyzed by x-ray diffraction without moving the beam. |
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But once the circuit elements get down to sizes close to the wavelength of light, diffraction begins to blur the circuit patterns as they are projected. |
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Nanostructures that coherently scatter have been referred to as thin-film reflectors, multilayer reflectors, quarterwave stacks, Bragg scatterers, and diffraction gratings. |
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We applied a swelling method to help determine the relative phases of the diffraction peaks along the crystal axis perpendicular to the hexagonal base. |
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The other unit displays chaotic reflectors with large energy diffraction. |
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The most common method to determine deviations from stoichiometry is the use of x-ray diffraction to measure the parameters of the lattice unit cell. |
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Light waves reflected from the surface of the diffraction grating interfere with each other, some canceling each other out, and some reinforcing each other. |
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Usually a prism or diffraction grating is used for this purpose. |
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For this research, we'll be using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermomechanical analysis. |
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The wide-angle X-ray diffraction study showed that structural changes of cellulose appeared due to the radiation-induced chemical reaction of lignocellulose. |
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Nevertheless, this elucidation of the generic discontinuous change has shed light upon many optical phenomena where caustics and diffraction occur. |
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In the whole range of cholesterol concentration explored, the diffraction studies show a single lamellar phase with no evidence of a separation of extended domains. |
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In this method an X-ray beam strikes a crystal, showing a diffraction pattern that, in turn, can be transformed into a 3D model of the crystal. |
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We show that all these ultra-thin nanomasks can be used for high-contrast quantum diffraction of massive molecules. |
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When illuminated, they reflect iridescent colors because of the diffraction of light within the stacked plates. |
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Unlike iridophores, however, leucophores have more organized crystals that reduce diffraction. |
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These precautions do not completely eliminate reflection because of diffraction, especially at longer wavelengths. |
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CheMin uses X-ray diffraction, which is also used by geologists on Earth who operate larger laboratory tools. |
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Results were obtained by light microscope, AES-profile analysis and X-ray powder diffraction analysis. |
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To determine what kind of stone the axes were made of, Lu used X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and electron microprobe analysis. |
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The powder diffraction pattern was indexed giving a unit cell and space group consistent with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. |
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By diffraction of the molecular beam at a super-fine transmission grating, the physicist was able to spatially separate the trimers. |
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This method is based on diffraction and interference of coherent light wave. |
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They cover diffraction, spectroscopic, compositional characterization, synchrotron and surface, and microscopic techniques. |
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Bruker AXS now offers SuperSpeed Solutions for its many research x-ray diffraction instruments. |
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Fourier transform-Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction experiments both showed that NCC has a very high degree of crystallinity. |
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Rietveld refinement allows crystallographic analyses to be performed by profile fitting of powder diffraction data. |
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Earlier, a prism was used to diffract the light, but now a diffraction grating is used. |
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The result is an acoustic grating analogous to diffraction grating used to scatter light. |
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To make the hair achieve instant colour change, the nano-scale diffraction gratings will be etched into the individual hair strands. |
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Photopolymers are the most promising material for the formation of diffraction gratings with good mechanical properties and chemical resistance. |
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Holographic diffraction gratings have been instrumental in telecommunications, since optical networking involves managing light, he said. |
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Holograms and diffraction gratings, too, could offer some protection, although desktop graphics systems make them increasingly easy to mimic. |
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The equations 2-5 are used to calculate the diffraction pattern of water waves. |
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In this case, the thickness of the layers is selected in such a way that the bright areas of the diffraction pattern coincide at the same spot. |
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Table 8 lists the diffraction data for the blue and green copper phthalocyanine pigments. |
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The optical design and performance of the high-resolution powder diffraction beam line BM16 at ESRF are discussed and illustrated. |
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The X-ray diffraction is equipped with a graphite homochromatic instrument and a Cu anti-cathode. |
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The original material was almost entirely converted to corrosion products, identified by X-ray diffraction as pyromorphite and cerussite. |
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In addition to these visual observations, a powder x-ray diffraction analysis was run on one coprolite specimen to determine the major composition of its groundmass. |
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We had prepared, by precipitation methods, finely divided crystalline apatites that were similar in crystal size and x-ray diffraction profile to bone apatite. |
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They sent their samples to be imaged with the high-intensity X-rays produced at CLS in Saskatchewan, but the diffraction pattern produced didn't match to the protein. |
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In astronomy, for example, evenly spaced slits known as diffraction gratings are routinely used to direct light and spread it into its component colors. |
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I was just starting to experiment with a Star Analyser diffraction grating in my filter wheel so I also recorded a series of low resolution spectra of the nova. |
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The incoming signals pass through a lens and hit a diffraction grating that reflects them, each different wavelength at a slightly different angle. |
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A diffraction grating, in which an array of parallel lines ruled on a glass or plastic surface spreads white light into a rainbow of colors, applies the same principle. |
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The residual austenite content was measured by y-ray diffraction analysis in surface layers of shot peened specimens andspecimens without treatment from STN 419552 steel. |
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Besides, some diffraction points are observed in this central zone indicating the existence of a fault described in previously done surficial geological reports. |
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The technologies include optical storage, photo detectors, optical heads, prisms, light sensors, diffraction grating elements, lasers, and beam splitters. |
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A complex of RNase A with a transition-state analog, uridine vanadate, was also studied using a combination of neutron and x-ray diffraction techniques. |
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He was a member of the team that improved the diffraction quality of bacteriorhodopsin crystals grown in LCP, generating the best diffracting crystals obtained to date. |
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The X-ray diffraction pattern of the zeolitic rock was recorded employing a PAN analytic X'Pert PRO equipment with Cu anodes and a graphite monochro-mator. |
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The TEC 4000 x-ray diffraction system non-destructively measures stresses created by processes like welding, bending, heat treating, rolling, and shot peening. |
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Prof Tanner and I have dedicated the past 30 years to the advancement of non-destructive X-ray metrology techniques, such as high-resolution X-ray diffraction. |
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But some scientists have worried that these machines would be too powerful for X-ray diffraction, destroying molecules before any meaningful data can be extracted. |
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High resolution X-Ray diffraction has been used for many years for the non-destructive determination of thickness, composition, strain and relaxation of epitaxial films. |
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We also achieve quasimonoenergetic, sub-keV bunches with 32 fC of charge, which can already be used for time-resolved low-energy electron diffraction. |
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True tombolos are formed by wave refraction and diffraction. |
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Various lighting spectra as viewed in a diffraction grating. |
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However, later physicists favoured a purely wavelike explanation of light to account for the interference patterns and the general phenomenon of diffraction. |
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