How to use cytokines in a sentence

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Sentence Examples It is possible that when BAL is performed in an infected or inflamed area in infants, more pyrogenic cytokines are released. Breathing against an inspiratory resistive load is known to produce increases in plasma cytokines. However, proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines have been previously implicated in this process. Attracted by cytokines and growth factors, fibroblasts migrate into wound sites within several days of injury. Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured in lung homogenates. Phagocytes themselves also secrete cytokines, which influence the behaviour of other cells. Administration of cytokines or cytokine antagonists alters only one aspect of a complex immune response. Numerous cytokines and growth factors have been implicated as mediators in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. These essential fatty acids have a depressive effect on inflammatory cytokines, thus stopping the domino nature of the inflammatory response. Several drugs have been shown to derange macrophage functions, bactericidal efficacy and production and secretion of cytokines. Regulation of this network is influenced by cellular products such as cytokines. They do this by interfering with an enzyme that triggers a cascade of reactions that drives the production of cytokines and inflammation. Somehow, brain death triggers an inflammatory response and leads to the release of molecules called cytokines. These cytokines recruit and activate neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, and natural killer cells at the site of infection. The changes in lung tissue suggest that part of the lung damage is due to cytokines induced by the microbial agent. Several genes coding for different cytokines may affect host susceptibility to tuberculosis. In response to infectious pathogens or their by-products, monocytes and macrophages generate and release proinflammatory cytokines. During the late phase, cytokines are released that prolong inflammation and activate eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and mast cells. Status of various immune cells and intracellular secretion of cytokines were assessed by flow cytometry. Many mushrooms, especially reishi, contain substances that inhibit the activation of cytokines and their by-products. Show More Sentences Several of these cytokines are involved in monocyte production and recruitment. Rock found that exposure to dogs increased levels of cytokines, chemicals that dampen the body's reactions to allergens. Epithelial cells are a rich source of cytokines, including the angiogenic chemokine CXCL5, and play an important role in vascular remodeling in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The first step involves using a device called a polymerase chain reaction instrument to measure the levels of an organism's cytokines when exposed to a given material. Inflammatory cytokines are released from the synovial membrane under the synovitis condition. Certain in vitro studies have shown that probiotics can stimulate the secretion of cytokines, substances which modulate immune reactions. Nonadaptive immune responses rely on a number of chemical signals, collectively called cytokines, to carry out their effects. Accordingly, several mechanisms have been reported to modulate cytokine signaling to prevent this overaction of cytokines. Certain molecules are capable of activating the chondrocyte: cytokines, in particular IL1 for cartilage. During 4 to 5 days of culturing with cytokines, high blastogenesis and heavy proliferation were noted in OSA lymphocyte cocultures as compared with control cocultures. Many cytokines secreted by cells involved in inflammation also have vasoactive and chemotactic properties. The effects were much more noticeable for ultrafine nickel, particularly in the release of proinflammatory cytokines for 30 days post-exposure. Type II epithelial cells are said to play a major role in the inflammatory process in the lungs by production of proinflammatory cytokines. The different types of cytokines act only on cells that have receptors for that cytokine. These results suggest that TRX may alter the cell populations in the lung but may not directly affect expression of cytokines or chemokines in cells. The cytokines, in turn, cause the formation of nitric oxide that combines with superoxide to form the potent oxidant peroxynitrite, thus continuing the cycle. It is one of a group of proteins called cytokines that are used by the immune system to boss other body cells around. First, they looked for a rise in the level of cytokines, which are molecules produced by the immune system that trigger responses in the brain. Lo and behold, doses of both fats and cytokines caused PGC-1 alpha to be methylated. Next, Dr Zierath wanted to know if she could prevent that. The efficiency on tumor progression of DNA aptamers targeting cytokines will be assessed in animal models. Show More Sentences This should remove residual plasma proteins cytokines or antibodies that may be the cause of the reactions. Natural and specific cytokines and autokrine substances are secreted, promoting the necessary proliferation. The use of smaller VTS in humans leads to reduced concentrations of polymorphonuclear cells and cytokines in both plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The findings on the role of cytokines in autoimmune disease were nothing short of revolutionary. However, we do not discount the possibility that other cells types, such as mast cells or basophils, may also contribute to the production of Th2 cytokines in this model. To further characterize the immune response, we analyzed the secretion of other cytokines by A549 cells after exposure to DEPs or carbon black particles. Besides resulting in a loss of barrier and secretory function, such damage elicits the production of chemotactic cytokines, leading to further inflammation. Other cytokines are also released into the circulation adding to the inflammatory process which is now understood to be an underlying cause of atheroma. A method for the ex vivo expansion of multipotential hematopoietic cells, comprising: culturing the cells with a combination of cytokines comprising soluble interleukin-6 receptor, interleukin-6 and stem cell factor. Glial cells, which serve as the brain's innate immune system, are the primary sources of cytokines in the central nervous system. The kit provides a complete solution for determining the levels of 12 cytokines from 10 sera or tissue culture supernatants simultaneously. Most probably the improvement seen with this type of graft results from the implanted cells secreting growth factors and cytokines into the infarcted tissue. The studies have shown that several cytokines were expressed in human anterior pituitary adenomas, therefore, we speculate that the cytokines are important in human anterior pituitary tumorigenesis. The functional principle of microfracturing is based on the release of multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells, cytokines and growth factors from the subchondral bone. Summary: Nasal polyposis often complicates the progress of patients with cystic fibrosis and there has been little study about the importance of cytokines in the polyps of such individuals. Hormones, cytokines, and factors that regulate bone cells activity, such as sclerostin, ephrinB2, and semaphoring, have played a significant role in the bone histophysiology under normal and pathological conditions. Some specific topics reported here include mimics of growth factors and cytokines, and peptide aptamers targeting the viral E6 oncoprotein. According to research studies, cytokinins, the plant cytokines found in coconut water, produce anti-aging, anti-cancer, anticoagulant benefits. Many inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, TNF and IL-6, are pyrogenic. Unfortunately, as the Alzheimer's disease progresses, the levels of the protective inflammatory cytokines released from glial cells rise to toxic values, contributing to nerve cell death. Show More Sentences Phytotherapy offers a potential therapeutic modality for the treatment of many differing conditions involving cytokines. Since microglial cells and astrocytes are known to be the main producers of the inflammatory cytokines in brain, these effects will also be tested in the presence and absence of human astrocytic cells. Therefore, these chemical properties make DNA aptamers ideal candidates as molecular probes for detecting spread tumor cells, and circulating pro-angiogenic molecule inhibitors, such as cytokines. The putative mechanism underlying infection and PPROM requires intrauterine bacterial invasion, which activates the decidua and fetal membranes to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our inflammatory cytokines go up and down. So, this time, before bathing the healthy cells in fats or cytokines, the team added a chemical that blocks the activity of DNMT3B, an enzyme which they found methylates PGC-1 alpha. Although clinical studies to date have not found a rise in such cytokines in Gulf-war veterans, Dr Rook reckons the methods used to detect them are too insensitive. These studies suggest that high BACs, proinflammatory cytokines, and neurodegeneration may be significant contributors to alcoholism. The inflammatory response to B.bronchiseptica infection is initiated by damage to the respiratory epithelium causing the release of inflammatory cytokines. Scientists found that when the PAR2 receptor is activated, mice ramp up production of cytokines that neutralise the virus by blocking replication. A fundamental feature expressed by the vast majority of cytokines is a profound immunomodulatory activity. In 1988, they found that bcl-2, the gene activated by chromosomal translocation in human follicular lymphomas, permits the survival of cytokine-dependant haematopoietic cells in the absence of cytokines. Often, after antigenic stimulation, macrophagelymphocyte cooperation triggers an activation of the T lymphocyte, stimulating the secretion of cytokines, which aggravates the pannus and the cartilage destruction. Our results suggest that ZNF395 contributes to hypoxia associated inflammation by superactivating proinflammatory cytokines. Atherosclerosis progresses when there are high levels of chemicals in the body called pro-inflammatory cytokines. In past experiments, Utz has relied on homemade protein arrays to detect biomarkers such as autoantibodies and cytokines. Therefore, the activities of cytokines are particularly vulnerable to malign modulation to induce hyperor inhibiting responses that could have detrimental effects. Membership in the society is open to all individuals interested in interferons, cytokines and chemokines. Circulating levels of thrombopoietic and inflammatory cytokines in patients with clonal and reactive thrombocytosis. Immune system cells function is regulated by the action of specific molecules called cytokines, mainly lymphokines and monokines. Show More Sentences Many cytokines, presently available in pure recombinant form, modify bone cell metabolism. Nitric oxide is toxic to bacteria, tumour cells in presence of cytokines and other human pathogens. We demonstrated that cytokines IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-12 are significantly upregulated in the ileum of challenged pigs not treated with dexamethasone, whereas dexamethasone inhibits such upregulation. Serum cytokines of the 20Krad-irradiated Schistosoma mansoni cercariae vaccinated, primary and superinfected Cercopethicus aethiops aethiops. Interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha are inflammatory cytokines and the main inducers of the secretion of CRP in the liver. We proposed that the selective upregulation of BNP during cardiac allograft rejection is mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines since anti-T-cell receptor antibody therapy reversed this phenomenon. WellBody 365's active ingredients include beta-glucan and Ashwagandha, which enhances immune activity under periods of stress by increasing certain cytokines and phagocytosis. A significant amount of work has been performed to identify cytokines that are either upregulated or downregulated in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Both B cells and T cells form aggregates in the synovium of joints and mediate the pathogenesis of RA and proinflammatory cytokines, which are critically involved. Introgen is developing molecular therapeutics, immunotherapies, vaccines and nanoparticle therapies to treat a wide range of cancers using tumor suppressors and cytokines. Instead they found that gastroesophageal reflux spurs the esophageal cells to release chemicals called cytokines which attract inflammatory cells to the esophagus. Bingisser R, Stey C, Weller M, Groscurth P, Russi E, Frei K Apoptosis in human alveolar macrophages is induced by endotoxin and is modulated by cytokines. We suggest this increase might probably be generated in an effort to counteract the already increased concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines. Trauma alone, like acupuncture, may induce lipoatrophy, possibly via secretion of cytokines by macrophages that enhance lipocyte catabolism and inhibit lipogenesis. Thus, the nucleus pulposus appears to have inflammatory properties and creates pain by sensitizing nerve tissues, possibly through the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Ratio between the number of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lochia of women with postpartum endometritis. Another mechanism involves chemoattractant substances, such as cytokines and growth factors, which can lead to an accumulation of dermal mast cells. Examples from Classical Literature Nasal cytokines can affect the brain through signals sent via the vagus and olfactory nerves. Curcumin is an anti-inflammatory phytochemical agent that has recently been shown to antagonize the pro-inflammatory effects of cytokines in chondrocytes and other cells. Find more words! 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