| The majority of grasses in which cleistogamy occurs have both chasmogamous flowers and either one or two types of cleistogamous flowers. |
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| Our review offers insight into the importance and diversity of cleistogamy. |
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| F 1 plants had chasmogamous flowers, indicating that chasmogamy was dominant to cleistogamy. |
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| Sporobolus is mostly self-pollinated due to a high degree of sheath cleistogamy, while Panicum is a self-incompatible outbreeder. |
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| The results suggested that a minimum of two genes with epistatic effects were involved in the genetic control of cleistogamy. |
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