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Sentence Examples Could it be that the parathyroid is also derived from a branchial arch, and is therefore homologous with the gills of fish? The branchial arches begin as cylindrical cores of mesenchyme sandwiched between continuous sheets of epidermal ectoderm and internal endoderm. The lenticular process is actually derived from mesenchyme attributed to the second branchial. The branchial basket was braced against the body wall and unjointed, as in lampreys. Janvier agrees that gills, and perhaps the external branchial skeleton, are primitive to the chordates. Due to the reduction of the hyoid and branchial arches, no other means than the suction flow seems to be available for this function. The inner surface of the right operclc can be observed, and also some branchial arch elements such as the ceratobranchial and hypobranchial. In fish, the branchial apparatus forms a system of gills for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the water. The ventral branchial arch segments of placoderms are so poorly known that nothing useful can be said. Unionicolid mites and monogenean trematodes are often found feeding upon the mantle and branchial tissue. Six cases of false positive patients were reported: 2 acinic cells carcinomas, 2 pleomorphic adenomas, 1 dermoïd cyst, 1 branchial cyst. The larva probably possessed the scraping mouth parts and the branchial filter seen in most extant anuran larvae, and likewise probably also pumped water rhythmically. For the past few years, the near-consensus has been that basal craniates had gills that were supported by a branchial basket, if they were supported at all. Thus, each of the branchial arches, the arches which actually function as respiratory arches in fishes, has an epibranchial and a ceratobranchial. The history of the epibranchials presumably begins wherever vertebrates first developed a jointed, internal branchial arch rather than an unjointed, external branchial basket. Liparid snailfish in the genus Careproctus extrude eggs through an anteriorly positioned ovipositor into the branchial chambers of large lithodid crabs. Numerous small pustules occur on surface of branchial regions. The electrical organs consist of modified branchial muscle tissues which are highly modified to serve as electrocytes, miniature organic batteries. Dermal inclusion cysts are derived from ectodermic elements entrapped during the midline fusion of the first and second branchial arches. Discussed in this article as part of the axial skeleton is a third subdivision, the visceral, comprising the lower jaw, some elements of the upper jaw, and the branchial arches, including the hyoid bone. Show More Sentences In Nautilus this vena cava gives off at the level of the gills four branchial advehent veins, which pass into the four gills without dilating. The first 3 tubercles are first branchial arch derivatives and form the tragus, helical crus, and helix. The anterior two thirds originate from paired lateral lingual swellings, which are contributed by first branchial arch. Energetic cost of branchial ventilation in sharksucker, Echeneis naucrates. Tubercles 4 through 6 arise from the second branchial arch and form the antihelix, antitragus, and lobule. Firm proteinaceous rods also may support the branchial apparatus. The restructuring of the posterior jaw in mammals leads to the further replacement of this new muscle by the digastric, which is a compound muscle made up of parts of the constrictors of the first and second branchial arches. The 2 lesions that first come to mind in the differential diagnosis of a solitary cystic lesion in the neck are thyroglossal duct cyst and branchial cleft cyst. The branchial horn I is curved dorsomedially and is longer than branchial horn II, which is the only element of the hyoid apparatus that ossifies. The effects of the adrenoreceptor agonist phenylephrine and isoproterenol on the intracellular ion concentration of branchial ephitelial cells of brown trout. Lesions may resemble a pyogenic granuloma, actinomycosis, a thyroglossal duct cyst, a branchial cleft cyst, a furuncle, a squamous cell carcinoma and an epidermal cyst. Marsupialization and iodine sclerotherapy of a branchial cyst in a horse. The locations in which the gill lice attached to the host fish varied, but the majority were found attached to gills, branchial rims, and opercula. Examples from Classical Literature Branchial hearts are developed on the two branchial afferent blood-vessels. In Teleostei dental plates are usually developed as an exoskeletal covering on parts of the branchial arches. The large organ of the flabellum and the branchial organs he has not taken into consideration. The relation of the branches of the vagus and glossopharyngeal to the branchial clefts requires no special remark. The subclavian arteries in Fishes usually spring from the trunks connecting the branchial veins with the dorsal aorta. Immediately behind the stomodum is placed the branchial region of the mesenteron. Branchial cysts are formed by the distension of an isolated and unobliterated portion of one of the branchial clefts. A number of neuropterous insects whose early stages are passed in the water are furnished with branchial trache or false gills. This biserial archipterygium with its limb-girdle is derived from a series of gill-rays attached to a branchial arch. Mesad of the branchial process of each parapodium of the first four pairs is a cirrus or cirriform process. In common usage the hyomandibular cleft is called the spiracle, and the series of clefts behind it the branchial clefts. The postoral arches formed are the mandibular, hyoid and five branchial arches. The mesoblast is divided up into numerous somites, and the mandibular and first two branchial arches are indicated. They may have rudimentary exopodites, and may or may not have branchial filaments or lamellae developed on their posterior faces. In all the branchial segments the same plan exists, each cardiac nerve belonging to that neuromere is strictly segmental. The more primitive forms have branchial respiratory processes developed on a ramus of each of the post-oral appendages. In the order Eulamellibranchiata we find all the families to be possessed of the basketwork or crisscross branchial structure. This has been called a branchial arm, not that it carried a branchia, but on account of its relation to the respiratory system. On the ventral wall of the branchial sack there is formed a narrow fold with thickened walls, which forms the endostyle. Between each of these and behind the last one there is a thickening of the mesoblast which gives rise to a branchial arch. Show More Sentences The hyoid is united with the first branchial arch, but has no attachment to the cranium. A more probable view is that it develops from rests derived from the first branchial arch an not from the parotid. The anterior cornu or free part of the first branchial arch is much the largest of the three structures. The mouth and branchial cavity were very much distended, rounding out and distorting the whole hyoid and branchiostegal region. The ear communicates with the buccal cavity by the Eustachian tube, so does the branchial chamber by means of the gill-slits. The stolon, like that in salpa, contains a prolongation of the branchial sack. They are developed from the entoderm of the third and fourth branchial grooves. At such times the gills lose all semblance of branchial organs. The branchial cavity can dilate and contract itself alternately. Histopathologic results were consistent with a branchial cyst with carcinoma. The differential diagnosis includes Sjogren's disease, Whartin's tumour and branchial cleft cysts. Originally they are mainly concerned with branchial respiration. Shortly after this the branchial clefts rapidly increase in number. The first branchial arch is well developed, the hyoid arch but slightly. From the latter also the branchial cartilaginous bars are formed. Find more words! 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