| Industry preparation of bitumen emulsions often requires that acid be used as part of the emulsion formulation. |
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| Roof felts are essentially scrap paper bonded together with bitumen, a waste oil product that is put on the felt to saturate it. |
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| It should never be forgotten that a steel wheel on a steel rail has one-seventh of the friction of a rubber-tyred wheel on a bitumen surface. |
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| The solvents act to decrease the viscosity of the bitumen making it more workable. |
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| The dense bitumen macadam surface, in the absence of any other dressing, tends to polish and became dangerous, particularly after rain. |
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| In the absence of surface dressing, dense bitumen macadam tends to polish and become dangerous. |
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| The road surface was tarmacadam, a bitumen surface with a 14 mm aggregate close graded wearing course. |
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| He was the technical services engineer for a bitumen company, delighting in tales of tarry deposits and exploding tankers. |
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| The resource of the lease on which the Muskeg River mine sits contains more than five billion barrels of mineable bitumen. |
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| The road becomes a strip of bitumen flanked at first by banana trees, then by an array of she-oaks. |
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| Supposedly, roads laid with a mixture of recycled plastic and bitumen were more durable because of the water-resistant characteristic of plastic. |
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| It might turn out that there is enough flat roof at the top of your flat to pour thousands of pounds worth of bitumen, asphalt and lead onto. |
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| When used as the top layer, they are frequently factory surfaced with granules or bitumen, eliminating the need for field surfacing later on. |
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| The extraction process begins here, where solvent and water begin to separate bitumen from sand and clay. |
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| The crude petroleum is heat-extracted from a mixture of bitumen, sand, water, and clay in an open-pit mining operation. |
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| Corporation officials say that delay in sanctioning funds and the unavailability of bitumen had held up tarring for over eight months. |
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| One relatively recent roofing improvement is the development of self-adhered modified bitumen and other self-adhered membrane roofing products. |
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| Ma'dan have few possessions, typically just a few water buffalo, a gun, some blankets and cooking utensils, and a reed canoe coated with bitumen. |
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| If the material is accidentally punctured, it can be repaired quickly using mylar tape and bitumen. |
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| At ambient temperature, bitumen is a highly viscous to almost solid substance that is extremely difficult to work with. |
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| The nerve shattering noise was from a petrol driven concrete and bitumen cutting saw so loud that all workers were wearing ear muffs. |
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| An exception is where scrap rubber is incorporated using high percentages in bitumen as scrap rubber reduces road-tyre noise. |
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| The fine-grained sediment of the matrix is composed chiefly of siderite, with lesser amounts of illite, calcite, quartz, and bitumen. |
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| That underlay has now been surfaced with bitumen and chippings and has improved the structure and surface of the road. |
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| I sealed the seams inside the wheelarch with a bitumen sealant and then undersealed the wheelarches. |
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| By now any competent restorer should know that bitumen underseal is not the product to use. |
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| Early investigators recognized bitumen as having a strong spatial relationship with gold, uraninite and pyrite. |
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| Hydrocarbons range from natural gas, through light and heavy liquids to solid tars and bitumen. |
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| These days the Trace is a bitumen road, grass verges neatly manicured and mowed for mile after funereal mile. |
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| I kicked the spinifex growing through the bitumen and gazed mournfully at the old projectors. |
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| The adhesive properties of bitumen determine its viscidity and adhesive properties. |
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| The company has bet big on exploiting hard-to-extract natural gas and hard-to-process heavy crude, bitumen, and oil sand. |
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| The appellant was walking towards her on the side of the roadway but near the edge of the bitumen carriageway. |
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| The researchers used infrared spectrometry to analyze the heliograph's bitumen layer, too. |
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| Surface dressing involves a coating of bitumen being sprayed onto the road surface, followed by layers of hard stone chippings. |
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| Insects swarm about the damp light of the street-lamps, their buzzings reflected very slightly in the bitumen below your feet. |
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| Today, the main use of bitumen is in the road making industry for construction and maintenance. |
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| The alert follows a flood of complaints about itinerant traders who charge extortionate prices for bitumen coverings for drives. |
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| Bitumen emulsions are a dispersion of bitumen in an aqueous continuous phase, stabilised by the addition of an emulsifier. |
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| In the camera was a polished pewter plate coated with a petroleum product called bitumen of Judea. |
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| Thus, the selection of the emulsifier used in the preparation of bitumen emulsions is a critical factor in road making applications. |
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| Cationic bitumen emulsions break by means of physicochemical interactions between the emulsion particles and the mineral aggregate. |
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| Behind the wall's remains she could see the streets, littered with the burnt-out husks of cars and buses, many of which lay on their sides on the broken bitumen. |
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| They pump their haul of diluted bitumen into tanker cars in the terminal's loading yard, thick with the smell of petroleum. |
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| The skate set-up included a metal three piece mini, gnarly street section of bitumen and wooden ramps and the mass indoor park course, which was gold. |
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| It would transport bitumen and liquefied natural gas drawn from the tar sands to refineries on the Gulf Coast, mainly in Texas. |
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| Orimulsion is a bitumen and water mixture mined in Venezuela. |
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| Riders were hoping for a fast ride on bitumen for the last leg of the trip to Marlo, then back to Orbost, but a howling head wind and light rain changed those plans. |
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| The Research Station, established in 1957, has four laboratories, which deal with soils and foundation engineering, concrete and structures, bitumen and traffic. |
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| The proposal would see 4km of bitumen added to the partially sealed 47 km long Carnarvon-Mullewa Road for the purpose of transporting up to 100 road trains each day. |
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| How good a road is going to be depends on how the design is laid out initially vis-a-vis the layer of bitumen, macadam, coat of slurry seal or fog seal. |
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| Likewise, Augie March, Archie Roach and Rubie Hunter ride the burning bitumen in Buddy Miller style searching for the Minister of Planets somewhere off the Newell. |
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| What also comes out of the analysis is the fact that the impact that kills these motorcyclists and pillion passengers is the unprotected skull bouncing down the bitumen. |
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| Bitumen can, however, be transferred into a workable state by applying heat, by blending with petroleum solvents or by emulsification in water to form a bitumen emulsion. |
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| Moisture under an asphalt built-up or modified bitumen roof system will leach plasticizing oils out of the membrane, making it prematurely brittle. |
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| These roots burrow through bitumen as if it were butter, and often the trees have to be expensively removed before they completely ruin the driveway. |
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| It belongs to the same family of substances as asphalt or bitumen. |
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| A few years ago birds began dying after landing on these lakes and getting slathered in bitumen. |
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| The grandstands, which ring the southern and western sides of the arena, are old fashioned red brick, with crumbling black bitumen leading to the fence line. |
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| Pamela Brown said as she and her partner drove south on the Stuart Highway, a big white vehicle had pulled from the side of the road onto the bitumen, heading north. |
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| Some of the other archaeological samples look quite similar to bitumen derived from Cretaceous source rock, based on the distribution patterns of steranes and terpanes. |
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| The export trading floor of IME launched operation in 2007 by trading of bitumen and listing other oil products on an ongoing basis. |
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| The Petroplus companies produce bitumen, desulphurise gasoil and operate a storage terminal. |
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| Then analytical methods are described for such material as vapor and aerosol bitumen, diethyl sulfate, ethylene oxide, and solvent mixtures. |
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| Coincidentally, they lay almost directly under a roughly painted 'R' on the bitumen. |
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| Heatwaves are deadly, especially for urban populations surrounded by concrete and bitumen. |
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| A large portion of the world's total oil exists as unconventional sources, such as bitumen in Canada and extra heavy oil in Venezuela. |
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| Road surfaces are often made from asphalt concrete which uses bitumen as a matrix. |
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| The estimated life of the Stobie pole is forty-five years, without any maintenance but coating with bitumen at the ground line. |
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| They hypothesized that the diffusion of rejuvenators into aged bitumen at asphalt recycling could be described in steps as follows. |
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| Chinese-built bitumen tanker 'Sidra Al Wakra,' Woqod said, would help meet its obligations with Ashghal. |
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| Tar sands are a mixture of sand, clay, water and a dense and viscous tar-like form of petroleum called bitumen. |
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| The current design of semi-flexible pavement is the imported cementitious material and modified polymer bitumen. |
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| Under the COGE Handbook and NI 51-101, naturally occurring hydrocarbons with a viscosity greater than 10,000 centipoise are classed as bitumen. |
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| Officials have now followed other councils and started surface-dressing residential streets with bitumen and chippings. |
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| The hall, on Fabian Road, is made of brick, concrete and steel, with a flat strawboard bitumen felted roof. |
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| And foam bitumen, made from recycled road planings generated on the project, was used as a substitute for type one subbase. |
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| The first phase of the three-phase project will see the upgrader handle 50,000 barrels per day of bitumen. |
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| Upgraders convert mined bitumen from oil sands into refinery-ready synthetic crude. |
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| Then we curse as our car galumphs over the inevitable bitumen bobble, or dimple depression, that follows the re-sealing. |
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| Baker Hughes has developed a chemical additives line specially designed to remove hydrogen sulphide from asphalt or bitumen products. |
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| Application of polymeric bitumen has become a common practice as an alternative to petroleum bitumen in most of world airport runways and highways for years. |
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| Gulf Petrochem, which has its head office in the UAE, has acquired the Royal Dutch Shell Specialties bitumen plant at Savli, near Vadodara in Gujarat, India. |
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| Tar sands oil is slang for bituminous sand, a mixture of sand, clay, water and an extremely gooey form of petroleum known as bitumen, which resembles tar in appearance. |
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| Also, it is possible to observe a thin, black layer just above the sedimented layer, which is indicative of liberated, unaerated bitumen droplets. |
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| Fortunately for the others on that same lonely bitumen, he gave up drinking and driving big rigs, preferring to cameleer in the Northern Territory. |
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| A bituminized phase richer in resins and asphalting than bitumen. |
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| One of the main technical policies in the field of organic binders, implemented in Russia and in the world, is to focus on improvement in road bitumen quality. |
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| Although not possible to detect and quantify all substances in bitumen, it must be removed possible congeneric groups of substances and to quantify. |
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| Native Americans used naturally occurring tar, bitumen, for a variety of purposes which include roofing, waterproofing, paving and some ceremonial purposes. |
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| Their emphasis on brilliance of colour was a reaction to the excessive use of bitumen by earlier British artists, such as Reynolds, David Wilkie and Benjamin Robert Haydon. |
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| Hydrogenating all of the aromatics present in bitumen will not solve this problem because the resulting naphthenes are still not suitable for the FCC process. |
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| Petrozuata and the other SAs have been exempted from the OPEC production cuts because they have upgraders that turn the extra-heavy oil and bitumen into synthetic crude. |
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