The mostly white middle class parents in the Elm school district community were vocal proponents of the bilingual dual immersion program. |
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Soon, the day will come when I am officially bilingual, and the moment this is achieved, I plan to start ridiculing unilingual people. |
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The degree of difficulty of bilingual language development depends on a complex array of sociocultural and individual factors. |
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She is a high school Spanish teacher and author of a bilingual picture book. |
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As a bilingual Inuk, she said unilingual Inuit can approach her without worries about communication. |
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Entire pages of these two critical texts are presented in her book, bilingual explanations on the left-hand side, graphic images on the right. |
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There is one bilingual classroom at each grade level, from prekindergarten to sixth grade. |
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This was a key, just as Egyptian hieroglyphics could be deciphered only when the bilingual Rosetta Stone was found. |
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The two bilingual educators teach first grade Cape Verdean students in the same building. |
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The successful bilingual readers also mentioned strategies specific to bilingual contexts, such as use of cognates and translating. |
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The system is bilingual and voice recognition is excellent in both English and Canadian French. |
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So I was involved in the discussion about what the standards should be for certifying bilingual teachers. |
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In third and fourth grades, however, she was enrolled in a bilingual education classroom for two years. |
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This study describes the attitudes of a middle-class Mexican family toward the Spanish of a Chicana bilingual teacher from Yuma, Arizona. |
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The L1 writing prompts were translated by bilingual teaching professionals whose native languages were Spanish, Hmong, and Russian. |
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Previous studies of bilingual memory have primarily used word lists as materials to be learned. |
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Growing up bilingual in English and German, Hobsbawm picked up three or four other languages along the way. |
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There is a bilingual book of the Gospels, c.1300, which may have been produced to help the Latin bride of a Byzantine emperor learn Greek. |
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Apparently audiences couldn't get enough of the 7-year-old bilingual Latina who lives inside a computer. |
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Their triangular relationship, revealed through charming bilingual interplay, was the heart of this film. |
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The district provided the information, also permitting parents to sign waivers for the bilingual program. |
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The length of time in a two-way bilingual program is positively correlated with student academic achievement. |
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The French language has always had a presence among the Acadians of the Pubnico area, but the area is also very bilingual. |
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Hungarians in Slovakia are generally bilingual and have been acculturated but wish to maintain their national culture, especially their language. |
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The whole notion of bilingual education in this context becomes problematic and worrisome. |
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Although Australian Kriol does not have any official status, it has been used in bilingual education programs in parts of Australia. |
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The criticisms against bilingual education policy are myopic and focused on nostalgic notions of Americanization and assimilation. |
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Barcelona's bilingual nature is immediately obvious on arrival in the city. |
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The rush to solve the demand for bilingual teachers often complicates the issues of language, language policy, and power. |
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A tablet was turned up which revealed a bilingual inscription in Lydian and Aramaic. |
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The majority of these bilingual education teachers taught in transitional bilingual programs. |
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Arguably the most developed of these bilingual cultures were located in Bengal and Maharashtra. |
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Typically, in bilingual schools in Mexico, instruction is predominantly or exclusively in Spanish. |
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Many Brahui-speakers are bilingual, speaking Baluchi or other local languages. |
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Thus, for children in Thailand, learning Thai involves learning some Pali and becoming partially bilingual. |
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Its new rendition emphasized equity through English language mastery and transitional bilingual education. |
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Jim and Alan were three quarters Mexican and had grown up in a bilingual house. |
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Foster parents should be willing to commute, be bilingual and have dual nationality. |
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Many Kunama speakers have become bilingual, with a predominance of Tigrinya as a second language. |
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The menu was an all-Bulgarian affair, but the bilingual server was more than ready to assist. |
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But if you're bilingual and up to your eyeballs in ennui, please be my guest. |
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Mr. Brown argued that the ticket should be waived because the offending traffic sign was not bilingual. |
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Many traditional teachers in this study had no training in bilingual or ESL pedagogy. |
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Catering to Muruga bhaktas worldwide, the bilingual CD has data in Tamil and English. |
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There is general agreement that being bilingual and bicultural are positive attributes in an increasingly culturally diverse country. |
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Since her graduation, she has worked as a bilingual secretary in a French law firm and as a PA to the general manager of the Clarence Hotel. |
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Fluently bilingual, Matte speaks in perfect English, while the rest of the band members are split between favouring French or English. |
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Many of them were probably bilingual, speaking Arabic and the now-extinct variety of Spanish known as Mozarabic. |
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In the mid 1960s my Aunt Alice, a retired bilingual executive secretary, had almost suddenly become unable to lift her chin off her chest. |
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Christine is fluently bilingual and will be soliciting book reviews in both English and French. |
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Now fluently bilingual, he is legal counsel for the Nunavut government in Iqaluit. |
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Apparently, misconceptions abound as to the nature and purpose of bilingual education. |
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Subsequent generations are often fluently bilingual, speaking English outside of the home and Spanish in the home. |
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It was in the heart of what was now considered Spanish Harlem and served the bilingual descendants of New York's Spanish speaking immigrants. |
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Personally, I'm glad I'm bilingual, but I am much more comfortable speaking Spanish than English. |
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A cross-sectional survey study was conducted with bilingual education teachers. |
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It is not enough to be bilingual teachers with extensive knowledge of bilingual theory or language instruction. |
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Fluent in both Thai and English, Wuthinan's bilingual knowledge was desperately needed manning the phones at the blood donation centre. |
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Many Angolans are bilingual, speaking Portuguese and one or several African languages. |
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The drawings by Bulgarian children will be then included in a special bilingual edition of the book, in Bulgarian and French. |
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A fascinating artistic account came from Leow Puay Tin who writes modular, bilingual texts on cards, to be shuffled and used in varying ways. |
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Language texts as well as instructional material in workbooks, bilingual texts, audiotapes, and multimedia formats have also been developed. |
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Along with Marion and an organizer from Guatemala, she will attended the bilingual training at the AFL-CIO Organizing Institute in Los Angeles. |
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Blocked rules that would require federal agencies to offer bilingual assistance to non-English speaking persons. |
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Her research interests include the role of metacognition in second and bilingual language learning. |
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They are allowed to take the Regents Exam in their native language, with a bilingual dictionary, and all the time they need. |
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Are there customs and themes you hope to preserve or advance through bilingual texts? |
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Forster cautions that future finds of bilingual texts could change the picture, but these results demonstrate the utility of his technique. |
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This code was translated into English and published in a bilingual text in 1989 in the United States. |
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Equally at ease in English and French, Smith was very much a success story of Trudeau's vision of a bilingual country. |
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We are a bilingual country and everybody deserves the right to be served in any language they choose. |
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Not everyone recognizes how lucky we are to be a bilingual nation, it's culturally extraordinary. |
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The bilingual children scored twice as high on this test as the monolingual children. |
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Other children may learn work skills, be raised in a particular religious environment and live in a bilingual community. |
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The most reasonable scenario for the survival of endangered languages is to have bilingual communities. |
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We are officially a bilingual nation and I think it is ludicrous that we cannot provide that facility in this Parliament. |
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Mauritius as a bilingual country is seen as a golden opportunity for the Indian operators to exploit these markets, he says. |
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Canada is legally a bilingual country, one moving towards multiculturalism. |
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Inappropriate educational placement or misdiagnoses of language delay in bilingual children is a concern. |
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It will be bilingual, in Arabic and English, and bi-media, with content available online at bbcarabic.com as well as on the radio. |
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In the 1980s, the Nicaraguan government instituted the first bilingual education programs for native people, taught in the Miskito language. |
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Cummins, in particular, argued that Rossell and Baker's study actually proved the effectiveness of bilingual and trilingual education. |
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I believe that was a shot at those of us who criticize bilingual education, but it was hard to tell. |
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He is a freelance journalist who has worked for KCBS News Radio and El Tecolote, a bilingual biweekly in San Francisco. |
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This section examines how recent and traditional models guide reading comprehension instruction in monolingual and in bilingual contexts. |
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The bulk of the research has been centered on the benefits of bilingual education vis-a-vis monolingual education. |
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Yet I find that it's not the bilingual who criticise people like me but the Mandarin monolingual. |
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Bono, Twi, Fanti, and Ga transcripts were translated and transcribed jointly by bilingual research assistants and myself. |
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The two-sided board is bilingual so we'll be able to learn a bit of Irish as well. |
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This bilingual program provides the opportunity for immersion in the lost mother tongue at an early age. |
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In spite of official multiculturalism policies in Canada, she will have a difficult time raising bilingual children. |
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A once multilingual population is on the way to becoming monolingual or at the best bilingual. |
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Given the diverse populations and multilingual settings, bilingual education may be assumed to have been in order. |
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At several of the sites, teachers within grade levels developed thematic units on which both bilingual and regular classroom students worked. |
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Are bilingual parents making a difficult task even more difficult for those taking on the treacherous jungles of Nappy Valley? |
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She is an enrolled member and citizen of the Navajo Nation and is bilingual and biliterate in Navajo and English. |
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Though many Chipewyan people are bilingual in Chippewa or Cree, it is actually not related to those languages at all. |
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The school principal nominates cooperating teachers, who then supervise and mentor the preservice bilingual teacher. |
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What were the challenges you faced in getting the two-way bilingual immersion program going? |
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His interests include ethnolinguistics and language acquisition in bilingual children. |
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We have one table with English immersion teachers and those who are still teaching bilingual education. |
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This article focuses specifically on language minority students in bilingual immersion programs. |
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Many of the groups are bilingual, and because of the legacy of Ethiopian domination over Eritrea, many Eritreans also speak Amharic, the Ethiopian administrative language. |
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She had grown up both bilingual and bicultural, speaking Maidu with her mother and English with her father, a Dutch settler who had come Wisconsin by covered wagon as a child. |
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School children speak some 110 languages, and one can find bilingual education teachers in 20 different languages including Assyrian, German, Polish, Russian and Tagalog. |
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It arrived close to sundown, after my bilingual secretary had gone home. |
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By the time he re-enters the room to give his speech, the rows of telegenically arranged children near the podium have been reduced to a squirming, bilingual mass. |
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As a monolingual traveler in a foreign land carrying only a bilingual dictionary knows, a fluent traveling companion would be a much more valuable aid. |
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Almost half that Hispanic population is more comfortable speaking only Spanish, and 28 percent is bilingual, according to a study by the Pew Hispanic Center. |
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Both monolingual dictionaries and bilingual dictionaries intended for speakers of languages other than English usually indicate the pronunciation of words. |
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Inuit children grow up bilingual in Inuktitut and French or English. |
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Montreal's just a really big and fun city, it's easy to get to, but most importantly it's bilingual and we are trying to encourage more francophone membership. |
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Having a bilingual secretary in a company can add huge kudos. |
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Additionally, once they become bilingual pre-service teachers, they are often not provided the support needed to be successful during their teacher preparation programs. |
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Encourage students to express key words or concepts in their native language, using a bilingual staff member, parent, or other student, if available, to help interpret. |
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Never mind that she's superbly qualified and fluently bilingual. |
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The bilingual subjects performed more slowly than the monolinguals, and for addition and subtraction this difference increased with the number of operations. |
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The clang of a gong calls the bilingual sessions to order, and proceedings operate according to a precise set of rules adapted from those of the British Parliament. |
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There were bilingual and native English speakers, those who came from English-speaking homes, heterogeneously mixed in the participating classrooms. |
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Taberah was reading the bilingual dictionary with rapt concentration. |
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In a study of high school students enrolled in a California bilingual program, acculturative stress was significantly associated with both depression and suicidal ideation. |
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As such, the local social groups were acculturated, and became bilingual. |
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They are bilingual, and speak and write Circassian as well as Abaza. |
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The fact that up to one million people in Britain are bilingual in some of the world's great languages like Chinese, Hindi, Bengali and Spanish should be celebrated. |
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Thus, a Frenchman who spoke Breton and French would not be considered bilingual because Breton is of low status and considered a patois rather than a language. |
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The text is fully bilingual, and portraits adorn nearly all entries. |
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Almost to a person, the French who are bilingual credit English-language television with their success. |
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In fact, it has been argued that a monolingual bias exists in bilingual research, using monolinguals as a yardstick to assess bilinguals' cognitive abilities. |
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The scenes in Tokyo were filmed with the help of a bilingual Japanese crew. |
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Later, he came to Boston and studied bilingual education in the University of Massachusetts where he taught science to Latino students at the high school level. |
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The summer camps are run on a Monday to Friday basis from 10 am to 3pm and feature bilingual activities such as drama, art, crafts, music, dancing and sports. |
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This is also the first year that candidates whose first language is not English or Irish will be allowed to use bilingual translation dictionaries in certain examinations. |
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But that would have implied that Belgium was a bilingual country. |
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They hope the pioneering scheme will start in September next year and grow from an initial reception class of 30 pupils to a bilingual school of 180 after six years. |
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Many are opposed to bilingual education, a position grounded in their awareness of the need to assimilate linguistically in order to compete in an English-speaking society. |
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The recommendation here is that indigenous communities begin now to develop endoglossic policies that will reinforce past efforts in bilingual education. |
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At the end of this year, the fifth year of the pilot, the school will be a total two-way bilingual immersion magnet school, financed primarily through the operational budget. |
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In most cases, the clear preference is for bilingual, bicultural therapists, but when a Spanish-speaking therapist is not available, it may be necessary to use an interpreter. |
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Routine entries in service books, records may be made with the help of Hindi or bilingual rubber stamps. |
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The language is used in the bilingual Welsh Assembly and entered on its records, with English translation. |
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Mapuche poet Elicura Chihauilaf of the Universidad Mayor in Temuco, Chile, gives a bilingual poetry reading. |
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Our San Francisco, Tokyo and Sendai bilingual production teams will provide client facing communication and project leadership. |
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Moreover, calques require a language user to be bilingual wherein loaning does not have such a requirement. |
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His comments only show his complete lack of understanding of a bilingual education system and of the internationalism of scientific vocabulary. |
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The collection is bilingual, with several of the papers as well as front matter in Irish Gaelic. |
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Even among Welsh speakers, very few people speak only Welsh, with nearly all being bilingual in English. |
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After a spine-tingling rendition of a bilingual version of The Prayer all four judges were on their feet and the crowd went wild. |
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Research suggests that bilingual schooling reduces barriers between speakers from two different communities. |
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Also by Television South West were two bilingual programmes on Cornish Culture called Nosweyth Lowen. |
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One effect of the policy is that worn out road signs are replaced by bilingual ones, but this plan has drawn some criticism. |
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Byers-Heinlein and Poulin-Dubois initially thought that bilingual children would prove more open-minded than their unilingual peers. |
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Their bilingual book Welsh Castles in Cross-stitch features 24 patterns with colour illustrations and historical notes on each building. |
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A small number of people in Cornwall have been brought up to be bilingual native speakers, and the language is taught in many schools. |
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These inventive bilingual shows offer a blend of videos, live performances and celebrity interviews by LATV's high-energy veejays. |
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However in some places, such as Caithness, the Highland Council's intention to introduce bilingual signage has incited controversy. |
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As with many bilingual families, it was normal to observe frequent code-switching at our dinner table. |
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Many Panamanians have a working knowledge of English and many professional college-educated Panamanians in Panama City are bilingual. |
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It has bilingual status and it is one of the three federal regions of Belgium, along with Flanders and Wallonia. |
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Geographically and linguistically, it is a bilingual enclave in the monolingual Flemish Region. |
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Only the Nuptare variety survived into the 20th century, and all speakers were bilingual in Hidatsa. |
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The Mexican government has promoted and established bilingual primary and secondary education in some indigenous rural communities. |
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Passengers using the station are greeted with a bilingual sign in both Cornish and English. |
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Canada is officially bilingual, with French and English being the official languages. |
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For example, Swedish is a mandatory subject in Finnish schools, since Finland by law is a bilingual country. |
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In Shetland the transition began later, but by the end of the 15th century both island groups were bilingual. |
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Members of these groups ethnically identify as Greeks and are today all at least bilingual in Greek. |
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She thought that decipherment would have to wait for the discovery of bilingual texts. |
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The editions were bilingual, with the original Icelandic accompanied by his Swedish translations. |
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Recently the government of Argentina has partly financed bilingual schools in the northern province of Misiones. |
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All commercial institutions and road signs are bilingual, displaying both English and Arabic. |
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In Article 11, it grants access to compulsory, bilingual and intercultural education. |
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Children brought up speaking more than one language can have more than one native language, and be bilingual or multilingual. |
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Children growing up in bilingual homes can, according to this definition, have more than one mother tongue or native language. |
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One can have two or more native languages, thus being a native bilingual or indeed multilingual. |
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Although the language of the masses remained English, the bilingual character of England in this period was thus formed. |
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Jamaica is regarded as a bilingual country, with two major languages in use by the population. |
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The IPA is more common in bilingual dictionaries, but there are exceptions here too. |
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A considerable number of Quebec residents consider themselves to be bilingual in French and English. |
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Until 1969, Quebec was the only officially bilingual province in Canada and most public institutions functioned in both languages. |
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Given the bilingual nature of the Canadian federal government, two equivalent Canadian Hansards are maintained, one in French and one in English. |
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Spanish and English learners will appreciate these attractively designed bilingual wordbooks. |
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Finland is officially bilingual, with Finnish and Swedish having mostly the same status at national level. |
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Each postbox will also have a bilingual plaque that names the athlete and marks their achievement. |
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It may be hoped that the bilingual approach will stimulate a renewal of studies in Campa epigraphy in Vietnam itself. |
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The merits of bilingual education vis-a-vis ESL are not illuminated sufficiently by research. |
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Most locals are bilingual, also speaking Spanish, because of Gibraltar's proximity to Spain. |
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The most notable use of the language in sport is that of the Camanachd Association, the shinty society, who have a bilingual logo. |
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There are also bilingual schools which aim to teach in both Hebrew and Arabic equally. |
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Now Jenny and Gizmo are becoming bilingual in an effort to build the bond between them. |
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In this study, it seems that being bilingual is associated with a delay of dementia by four years as compared to monolinguals. |
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The researchers found that elderly bilingual adults were diagnosed with dementia about three to four years later than elderly monolingual adults. |
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A study conducted with children in their early school years suggested that there are emotional and behavioural benefits to being bilingual. |
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While a lot of research asserts that monolingual children outperform bilingual children, other research asserts the opposite. |
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Early bilingual learners showed that they simply responded most efficiently to the task at hand. |
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One definition is that a person is bilingual by being equally proficient in both languages. |
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The results from this study demonstrate the advantages bilingual children have with attentional control. |
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There is also increasing pressure on bilingual immigrants to renounce their mother tongue and adopt their host country's language. |
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The children spoke only English, though their parents were bilingual in English and Welsh, and David Thomas gave Welsh lessons at home. |
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Jones's reports supported bilingual education and praised the work of many church elementary schools. |
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For the socially ambitious, bilingual education in Greek as well as Latin was a must. |
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The bilingual road sign policy of Highland Region Council has led to some controversy in the region. |
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In 2013, a bilingual road sign on the A99 road next to Wick Airport was damaged by gunfire within 24 hours of it being placed. |
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More specifically, the terms bilingual and trilingual are used to describe comparable situations in which two or three languages are involved. |
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Being a bilingual does not necessarily mean that one can speak, for example, English and French. |
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Students who receive bidirectional bilingual instruction where equal proficiency in both languages is required perform at an even higher level. |
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With the weekly influx of Welsh farmers the townsfolk were often bilingual. |
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A nonswitch trial means that the bilingual responded in the same language twice in a row. |
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Today bilingual dictionaries have been published for Breton and languages including English, Dutch, German, Spanish and Welsh. |
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Some bilingual signage has also been installed, such as street name signs in Breton towns. |
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The 10 communes with the highest percentage of pupils in bilingual primary education, listed with their total population. |
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The 10 communes of historic Brittany with the highest total population, listed with their percentages of pupils in bilingual primary education. |
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Since the 1980s, however, most scholars have come to regard it as a normal, natural product of bilingual and multilingual language use. |
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There is also increasing pressure on bilingual immigrants to renounce their mother tongue and to adopt their host country's language. |
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Signs which are in English only at the moment will be made bilingual when they are replaced. |
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Capital Cymru is a local, bilingual radio station owned and operated by Global Radio as part of the Capital radio network. |
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There are bilingual signs at Hereford, for example, warning against trespassing on the railway. |
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Arriva Trains Wales has introduced bilingual display screens and announcements in at least 46 stations. |
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Today in Sicily most people are bilingual and speak both Italian and Sicilian, a distinct and historical Romance language. |
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Primary education in Friesland was made bilingual in 1956, which means West Frisian can be used as a teaching medium. |
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The positions are for part-time and full-time customer-service oriented candidates who are English-French bilingual or unilingual English speaking. |
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The 500 or so Sorbian immigrants who arrived in Galveston, Texas, in 1854 were primarily bilingual, speaking German and Wendish, and called themselves German Wends. |
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They have imposed ethnocentric, Afrocentric, and bilingual curricula on public schools, well designed to hold minority children out of American society. |
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A person who grows up speaking English and begins learning Spanish for four years is not necessarily bilingual unless he speaks the two languages with equal fluency. |
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The singer, who last week won the Welsh Music Prize with her bilingual concept album Y Dydd Olaf, features in the UK's largest multi-city street art project. |
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As of 2009, it is taught in fifty primary schools, although regular broadcast in Cornish is limited to a weekly bilingual programme on BBC Radio Cornwall. |
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When Singapore became independent from the United Kingdom, the Singapore government established publicly funded bilingual schools based on the existing grammar school system. |
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Since she is bilingual she has them written in both English and Spanish. |
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It was only in 1700 that modern bilingual Bibles appeared in which the Authorized Version was compared with counterpart Dutch and French Protestant vernacular Bibles. |
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In another recent study in Canada, it has been shown that monolinguals are at a disadvantage with the onset of senility as compared to bilingual people. |
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Alaska Bank also offered bilingual services through a network of employees throughout the bank who spoke Chinese, Tagalog, Korean, Russian, Spanish, and Yupik. |
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Efforts include installing bilingual signs and posters for regional events, as well as encouraging the use of the Spilhennig to let speakers identify each other. |
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Hence, both SMT and EBMT rely on a sententially aligned bilingual corpus. |
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Tomas was a kindergarten student with autism who used echolalic speech, was bilingual, was legally blind, and had sensitivities to noise and light. |
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In terms of attentional control, early bilingual learners showed the greatest advantage, compared to monolingual speakers and late bilingual speakers. |
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But in today's global business environment, being bilingual, or better yet multilingual, broadens your career and international business options and expands your network. |
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The Isle of Man Examiner has a monthly bilingual column in Manx. |
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Most educated Romans were likely bilingual in Greek and Latin. |
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However, bilingual educations was proving to be popular as well, and some institutions such as the Poona Sanskrit College commenced teaching both Sanskrit and English. |
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This form of education has been described as Immersion education, and is now firmly established as a successful and effective form of bilingual education. |
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Current clinical diagnostic tools are mainly based on testing bilingual morphosyntactic phenomena, with much less attention paid to disentangling SLI and bilingualism. |
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The terms of this treaty, including the fixed borders between the two countries, are recorded in a bilingual inscription on a stone pillar outside the Jokhang temple in Lhasa. |
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The everyday interpenetration of the two languages is indicated by bilingual inscriptions, which sometimes even switch back and forth between Greek and Latin. |
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This may have accelerated the existing process of Arabization of Berbers, especially in already bilingual areas, such as among the Chaouis of Algeria. |
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It is becoming more usual these days to rear children as bilingual. |
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After a year of study in Paris, Rowling graduated from Exeter in 1986 and moved to London to work as a researcher and bilingual secretary for Amnesty International. |
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Except in Gaeltacht regions, road signs are usually bilingual. |
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Today, however, most children are not learning the language from their parents, putting it in danger of extinction in spite of efforts to introduce bilingual education. |
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Another new development that has influenced the linguistic argument for bilingual literacy is the length of time necessary to acquire the second language. |
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