How to use anion in a sentence

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Sentence Examples For example, certain spots in a crystal lattice may remain vacant, or a lattice may have an unequal number of anion and cation sites. The major organic anions found in pear leaf apoplastic fluid were citrate, ascorbate and malate, the latter being the major anion. The anion that is left behind is a cluster of carbon, chlorine, and boron atoms. The separation and final purification of the two enzymes was achieved by anion exchange chromatography. The ion selective permeability of the rust composition component showed the anion permeability of the rust film. Experiments designed to determine whether the predominant anion of lobster and other nerves is also isethionic acid are in progress. This ready access coupled with the ability of the anion to interact effectively at any site on the cation makes ionic reactions very fast. Synchronised cultures were exposed to superoxide anion generating system hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase. Catalase acts as a free radical scavenger by neutralizing superoxide radical anion and hydrogen peroxide. The electronegativity is lower for a given oxidation state in an anion than it is in a neutral molecule. The actual formula of the ionic compound will thus depend on the relative charges of the anion and cation. These authors suggested that malate, synthesized from stored starch, was a possibility for the dibasic anion. When two atoms swap electrons to produce a cation and an anion, the two ions are attracted to each other. It's easy to make a high oxidation state in an anion because an anion is electron-rich. The transfer of one electron from an electron donor to an excited state of hypericin generates its corresponding semiquinone radical anion. These changes contribute to the high anion gap that hyperventilating patients may demonstrate, as observed initially in this patient. In steady state, the metal cation flux is constant across the diffusion layer and the anion and spectator ion fluxes vanish. Two important examples of stable carbanions are the cyanide anion and the metalocenes. Superoxide anion was estimated by spectrophotometric measurement of the reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium. Although the most common anion formed by oxygen is monatomic, oxygen can also form diatomic ions known as peroxides and superoxides. Show More Sentences It is called a cation if a positive charge exists and an anion if a negative charge exists. The superoxide anion radical is capable of causing as much cellular damage as singlet oxygen. The negative charge of this anion is delocalized, giving the oxygen and the carbon a partial negative charge. A typical reaction of such compounds is to accept an additional electron from an anion or to share electrons with an anion to gain a stable octet. To desalinate the raw water, it is then additionally routed through the anion exchanger. Another anion, azide, is used in the study of bacteriorhodopsin mutants as a substitute for proton donor or acceptor when they are altered in the protein. Carbides that are prepared with acetylene are called acetylides and contain the C22− anion. Antimonic acid exists only as the hydrate, forming salts containing the antimonate anion. To prepare the anion standard, these stock solutions are then diluted to the desired concentrations with ultrapure water. They were sending clarified lysate through an anion exchange, and some compared notes on the peculiar chemical smell of the classroom. For ions dissolved in water, the rapid exchange of water molecules around the cation usually provides the space for an anion to approach the cation. Formation of ROS occurs through several univalent reduction steps, yielding first the superoxide anion, then hydrogen peroxide and the hydroxyl radical, and finally water. A water recirculation system was also included. This system cleans the polluted water by means of cation and anion exchange columns. For the quantitative separation of anion mixtures the solubility products of the corresponding Ag compounds should differ as much as possible. As a rule cation resins are more resistant to fouling than are anion resins. The cation exchanger is regenerated using acid, and the anion exchanger with caustic soda. Ion exchange resins exist in the form of cation exchange resins and anion exchange resins. The likelihood of localised corrosion can be reduced by selective anion exchange. As the anion resin is lighter than the cation resin it rises to the top, while the cation resin falls to the bottom. Neutral, consisting of water at 80-90º C in order to eliminate pastes and dextrines and active anion detergents. Show More Sentences In contrast to most other anion columns the Metrosep Anion Dual 2 IC column allows a clear separation of fluoride, acetate and formate. This result is consistent with observations for other species that show Al-stimulated organic acid anion release, including wheat, maize and buckwheat. In natural water systems, many common minerals are formed by anion substitution-precipitation reactions, among them carbonates, phosphates, and the sulfate-containing rocks. These reports constitute the only evidence of glutamate gating of plant ion channels, despite the frequent use of glutamate as a balancing anion in patch-clamping solutions. The best documented system so far is the stomatal guard cell where two anion channels from the plasma membrane have been extensively characterized. The cation and anion bonded together are known as an ion pair. The atom that gains electrons gains a negative charge, becoming an anion. In fact, it is still unclear if the superoxide anion is formed through peroxy radicals or through a reaction between solvated electron and molecular oxygen. The cation is positively charged, and the anion is negatively charged. The color shown by plutonium solutions depends on both the oxidation state and the nature of the acid anion. Special treatment technologies that have been found to be effective in removing 137Cs, 131I, 226Ra and 90Sr include reverse osmosis, anion and cation exchange and electrodialysis. This demonstrates that in acute DSS colitis, the anion secretory capacity, which originates from the cryptal region of the colonic epithelium, is not perturbed. In this reaction, a thioester bond reacts with a thiolate anion to produce new thioester and thiolate products. Metabolic acidosis associated with increased anion gap may be caused by underdialysis and anorexia. Once formed, these anion free radicals reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide, and regenerate the unchanged parent compound. The role of superoxide anion in the autooxidation of epinephrine and simple assay for superoxide dismutase. The results imply that carbon nanotubes could be used as an adsorber for the adsorption of this anion. Similarly, each anion is surrounded by cations. Acidemia, hyperglycemia, increased anion gap, ketonemia, ketonuria are the laboratory findings. Like oxide, fluoride is a highly basic anion and is known to stabilize metal ions in high oxidation states. Show More Sentences After washing with water, the eluates were collected and concentrated, then applied to a column of anion resin. A normal anion gap and hyperchloremia demonstrated bicarbonate loss as the cause of the acidosis. Thus, three oxygen atoms and one hydroxyl as the fourth anion around one silicon atom make up an isolated SiO4 tetrahedron as in orthosilicates, and such tetrahedrons make a planar array on the side of a gibbsite sheet. The ferrocyanide anion is of low toxicity in the complexed form but in solution it undergoes photodecomposition, resulting in the release of cyanide ion and its subsequent hydrolysis to hydrogen cyanide. In the majority of cases it is advisable to reduce the flux of ions passed to the anion exchanger by installing a CO2 removal unit between the ion exchange vessels. Some members said that the impact on industry of any degradation of precursors to the PFOS anion should be factored into risk management practices. The anion exchanger is again ready for operation. A 15-min protocol of nondamaging isometric contractions increased the reduction of cytochrome c in microdialysates, indicating an increase in superoxide anion. Most drinking waters contain some fluoride. Processes such anion exchange, demineralisation and some other treatments which will remove it, affecting its concentration. Because each element may form more than one heteropoly anion and some of these anions can contain several different heteroatoms, thousands of heteropoly acids exist. In order to explain these results, the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules is used to examine the conformational behavior of the chloroacetate anion at the atomic level. The species that reacts with the nucleophile is not the substrate but the aryl radical deriving from its anion radical by cleavage of the nucleofugic group. Gold is resistant to most acids, though it does dissolve in aqua regia, a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, which forms a soluble tetrachloroaurate anion. Each diastereomer was independently reacted with a second alkenyl anion which lead to the isolation of the same polycyclic compound after the cascade reaction took place. One of the most common and important ROS is the superoxide anion. Green tea catechins have been shown to affect the activities of drug transporters in vitro, including P-glycoprotein and organic anion transporting polypeptides. Examples from Classical Literature The king repaired in state to the temple of anion, seized the priests who professed these seditious beliefs, and burnt them alive. The Nile beyond surrounded an island, where flourished the well-kept sacred grove of anion. In a few minutes the priest of anion and the chief of the kolchytes were being carried towards the valley in their litters. In this the heart shall be preserved till a new ram offered by a worthy hand enters the herd of anion. It will be noticed that in neutralization the anion of the acid and the cation of the base are not changed. One of these is always composed of oxygen and hydrogen and is the anion. Find more words! 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What is the opposite of anion? Words that rhyme with anion What is the plural of anion? Translations for anion Use our Sentence Generator Nearby Words animus animosity animosities animose animistic animist anionic anions aniridia anis anise aniseed 5-letter Words Starting With a an ani anio