| While the Jurchens were fewer in number, they were fiercer and better fighters. |
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| Most of the inhabitants of Manchuria, except for the wild Jurchens, were at peace with China. |
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| Manchuria's native Jurchens and Water Tatars, who had suffered a famine, supported Nayan. |
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| In 1125, the Jin dynasty founded by the Jurchens overthrew the Liao dynasty and attempted to gain control over former Liao territory in Mongolia. |
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| Genghis quickly came into conflict with the Jin dynasty of the Jurchens and the Western Xia of the Tanguts in northern China. |
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| It was just the most respectful appellation in the society of the Jianzhou Jurchens in Meng's mind. |
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| It originates from the accent of Jianzhou Jurchens and was officially standardized during the Qianlong Emperor's reign. |
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| The Jurchens, ancestors of the Manchus, had created Jurchen script in the Jin dynasty. |
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| The Jurchens and their Manchu descendants originally practiced cremation as part of their culture. |
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| The Manchus were formerly known as Jurchens, residing in the northeastern part of the Ming territory outside the Great Wall. |
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| More over, Zhang efficiently protected the dynasty from Japan, Jurchens and Mongols so he could save national defense expenditure. |
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| By the end of the Hongwu reign, the essentials of a policy toward the Jurchens had taken shape. |
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| As time went on, fewer and fewer Jurchens could recognize their own script. |
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| Their relationship was eventually stopped by the Ming dynasty government who wanted the Jurchens to protect the border. |
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| The Yongle Emperor was determined to wrest the Jurchens out of Korean influence and have China dominate them instead. |
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| Subsequently, more and more Jurchens recognised the Ming Empire's declining power due to Esen's invasion. |
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| More Jurchens adopted Mongolian as their writing language and fewer used Chinese. |
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| It was prohibited in Jurchen culture to use dog skin, and forbidden for Jurchens to harm, kill, or eat dogs. |
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| Until the 17th century, these people were not known to the Europeans, and little known to the Han Chinese, who sometimes collectively described them as the Wild Jurchens. |
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| The Jurchens were sedentary, settled farmers with advanced agriculture. |
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| In 1206, the Mongols, vassals to the Jurchens, rose in Mongolia. |
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| From that time, the Jurchens of North China increasingly merged with the Han Chinese while those living in their homeland started to be Mongolized. |
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| There were stories of Han migrating to the Jurchens and assimilating into Manchu Jurchen society and Nikan Wailan may have been an example of this. |
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| It was a mix of several dialects, since the Manchus who lived in Beijing were not only Jianzhou Jurchens, but also Haixi Jurchens and Yeren Jurchens. |
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| Although their Mohe ancestors did not respect dogs, the Jurchens began to respect dogs around the time of the Ming dynasty, and passed this tradition on to the Manchus. |
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