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What is a lordosis?

What is a lordosis? Here are some definitions.

Noun
  1. (pathology) An excessive backwards curvature of the spine, causing a hollow in the back.
  2. (zoology) A body posture of some female mammals, indicating receptivity to copulation. It involves lowering of the forelimbs but with the rear limbs extended and hips raised, ventral arching of the spine and a raising, or sideward displacement, of the tail.
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Examples
In transforaminal lumbar surgery, the patient is positioned in restored physiological lordosis.
Lumbar lordosis was making way for a cyphosis, spread to the lower part of the back, but it had been transferred to the cervico-dorsal region.
The anatomical position of her spine could not be viewed optimally because of the pronounced lordosis, and this could prolong the procedure.
By thus converting a posterior into an anterior dislocation, the tilting of the pelvis and the lordosis are greatly diminished.
The expression of the lordosis posture is under tonic inhibition by brain nuclei whose activity is suppressed by steroid hormones from the preovulatory follicles.
The Thomas test will help to identify the presence of a hip flexion contracture by eliminating the effects of excessive lumbar lordosis on the perceived extension of the hip.

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